Immune biomarkers to predict SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in patients with hematological malignancies.
Blood Cancer J
; 11(12): 202, 2021 12 14.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1585877
ABSTRACT
There is evidence of reduced SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in patients with hematological malignancies. We hypothesized that tumor and treatment-related immunosuppression can be depicted in peripheral blood, and that immune profiling prior to vaccination can help predict immunogenicity. We performed a comprehensive immunological characterization of 83 hematological patients before vaccination and measured IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody response to four viral antigens at day +7 after second-dose COVID-19 vaccination using multidimensional and computational flow cytometry. Health care practitioners of similar age were the control group (n = 102). Forty-four out of 59 immune cell types were significantly altered in patients; those with monoclonal gammopathies showed greater immunosuppression than patients with B-cell disorders and Hodgkin lymphoma. Immune dysregulation emerged before treatment, peaked while on-therapy, and did not return to normalcy after stopping treatment. We identified an immunotype that was significantly associated with poor antibody response and uncovered that the frequency of neutrophils, classical monocytes, CD4, and CD8 effector memory CD127low T cells, as well as naive CD21+ and IgM+D+ memory B cells, were independently associated with immunogenicity. Thus, we provide novel immune biomarkers to predict COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in hematological patients, which are complementary to treatment-related factors and may help tailoring possible vaccine boosters.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Biomarkers
/
Immunocompromised Host
/
Hematologic Neoplasms
/
COVID-19 Vaccines
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
/
Vaccines
Limits:
Adult
/
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
English
Journal:
Blood Cancer J
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S41408-021-00594-1
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