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Single-cell profiling of T and B cell repertoires following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine.
Sureshchandra, Suhas; Lewis, Sloan A; Doratt, Brianna M; Jankeel, Allen; Coimbra Ibraim, Izabela; Messaoudi, Ilhem.
  • Sureshchandra S; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry.
  • Lewis SA; Institute for Immunology, and.
  • Doratt BM; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry.
  • Jankeel A; Institute for Immunology, and.
  • Coimbra Ibraim I; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry.
  • Messaoudi I; Institute for Immunology, and.
JCI Insight ; 6(24)2021 12 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1598468
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ABSTRACT
mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have shown exceptional clinical efficacy, providing robust protection against severe disease. However, our understanding of transcriptional and repertoire changes following full vaccination remains incomplete. We used scRNA-Seq and functional assays to compare humoral and cellular responses to 2 doses of mRNA vaccine with responses observed in convalescent individuals with asymptomatic disease. Our analyses revealed enrichment of spike-specific B cells, activated CD4+ T cells, and robust antigen-specific polyfunctional CD4+ T cell responses following vaccination. On the other hand, although clonally expanded CD8+ T cells were observed following both vaccination and natural infection, CD8+ T cell responses were relatively weak and variable. In addition, TCR gene usage was variable, reflecting the diversity of repertoires and MHC polymorphism in the human population. Natural infection induced expansion of CD8+ T cell clones that occupy distinct clusters compared to those induced by vaccination and likely recognize a broader set of viral antigens of viral epitopes presented by the virus not seen in the mRNA vaccine. Our study highlights a coordinated adaptive immune response in which early CD4+ T cell responses facilitate the development of the B cell response and substantial expansion of effector CD8+ T cells, together capable of contributing to future recall responses.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Immunity, Humoral / COVID-19 / BNT162 Vaccine / 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 / Immunity, Cellular Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Immunity, Humoral / COVID-19 / BNT162 Vaccine / 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 / Immunity, Cellular Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article