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Association Between Menstrual Cycle Length and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination: A U.S. Cohort.
Edelman, Alison; Boniface, Emily R; Benhar, Eleonora; Han, Leo; Matteson, Kristen A; Favaro, Carlotta; Pearson, Jack T; Darney, Blair G.
  • Edelman A; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Natural Cycles USA Corp, New York, New York; the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University, School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon; and the National Institute of Public Health, Center for Population Health Research, Cuernavaca
Obstet Gynecol ; 139(4): 481-489, 2022 04 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1764669
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To assess whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is associated with changes in cycle or menses length in those receiving vaccination as compared with an unvaccinated cohort.

METHODS:

We analyzed prospectively tracked menstrual cycle data using the application "Natural Cycles." We included U.S. residents aged 18-45 years with normal cycle lengths (24-38 days) for three consecutive cycles before the first vaccine dose followed by vaccine-dose cycles (cycles 4-6) or, if unvaccinated, six cycles over a similar time period. We calculated the mean within-individual change in cycle and menses length (three prevaccine cycles vs first- and second-dose cycles in the vaccinated cohort, and the first three cycles vs cycles four and five in the unvaccinated cohort). We used mixed-effects models to estimate the adjusted difference in change in cycle and menses length between the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts.

RESULTS:

We included 3,959 individuals (vaccinated 2,403; unvaccinated 1,556). Most of the vaccinated cohort received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (55%) (Moderna 35%, Johnson & Johnson/Janssen 7%). Overall, COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a less than 1-day change in cycle length for both vaccine-dose cycles compared with prevaccine cycles (first dose 0.71 day-increase, 98.75% CI 0.47-0.94; second dose 0.91, 98.75% CI 0.63-1.19); unvaccinated individuals saw no significant change compared with three baseline cycles (cycle four 0.07, 98.75% CI -0.22 to 0.35; cycle five 0.12, 98.75% CI -0.15 to 0.39). In adjusted models, the difference in change in cycle length between the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts was less than 1 day for both doses (difference in change first dose 0.64 days, 98.75% CI 0.27-1.01; second dose 0.79 days, 98.75% CI 0.40-1.18). Change in menses length was not associated with vaccination.

CONCLUSION:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is associated with a small change in cycle length but not menses length.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Vaccines / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Female / Humans Language: English Journal: Obstet Gynecol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Vaccines / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Female / Humans Language: English Journal: Obstet Gynecol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article