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Impacts of air pollution on COVID-19 case fatality rate: a global analysis.
Li, Chao; Managi, Shunsuke.
  • Li C; Urban Institute & School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
  • Managi S; Urban Institute & School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. managi@doc.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(18): 27496-27509, 2022 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1606104
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still rapidly spreading globally. To probe high-risk cities and the impacts of air pollution on public health, this study explores the relationship between the long-term average concentration of air pollution and the city-level case fatality rate (CFR) of COVID-19 globally. Then, geographically weighted regression (GWR) is applied to examine the spatial variability of the relationships. Six air pollution factors, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), PM2.5 (particles with diameter ≤2.5 µm), PM10 (particles with diameter ≤10 µm), and air quality index (AQI), are positively associated with the city-level COVID-19 CFR. Our results indicate that a 1-unit increase in NO2 (part per billion, PPB), SO2 (PPB), O3 (PPB), PM2.5 (microgram per cubic meter, µg/m3), PM10 (µg/m3), AQI (score), is related to a 1.450%, 1.005%, 0.992%, 0.860%, 0.568%, and 0.776% increase in the city-level COVID-19 CFR, respectively. Additionally, the effects of NO2, O3, PM2.5, AQI, and probability of living with poor AQI on COVID-19 spatially vary in view of the estimation of the GWR. In other words, the adverse impacts of air pollution on health are different among the cities. In summary, long-term exposure to air pollution is negatively related to the COVID-19 health outcome, and the relationship is spatially non-stationary. Our research sheds light on the impacts of slashing air pollution on public health in the COVID-19 pandemic to help governments formulate air pollution policies in light of the local situations.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Air Pollutants / Air Pollution / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Journal subject: Environmental Health / Toxicology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S11356-021-18442-x

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Air Pollutants / Air Pollution / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Journal subject: Environmental Health / Toxicology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S11356-021-18442-x