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Predominance of antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccine breakthrough cases from the San Francisco Bay Area, California.
Servellita, Venice; Morris, Mary Kate; Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Alicia; Gliwa, Amelia S; Torres, Erika; Brazer, Noah; Zhou, Alicia; Hernandez, Katherine T; Sankaran, Madeline; Wang, Baolin; Wong, Daniel; Wang, Candace; Zhang, Yueyuan; Reyes, Kevin R; Glasner, Dustin; Deng, Xianding; Streithorst, Jessica; Miller, Steve; Frias, Edwin; Rodgers, Mary; Cloherty, Gavin; Hackett, John; Hanson, Carl; Wadford, Debra; Philip, Susan; Topper, Scott; Sachdev, Darpun; Chiu, Charles Y.
  • Servellita V; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Morris MK; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Sotomayor-Gonzalez A; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA.
  • Gliwa AS; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Torres E; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Brazer N; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Zhou A; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Hernandez KT; Color Genomics, Inc., Burlingame, CA, USA.
  • Sankaran M; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Wang B; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Wong D; Color Genomics, Inc., Burlingame, CA, USA.
  • Wang C; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Zhang Y; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Reyes KR; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Glasner D; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Deng X; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Streithorst J; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Miller S; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Frias E; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Rodgers M; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Cloherty G; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Hackett J; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Hanson C; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Wadford D; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Philip S; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Topper S; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Sachdev D; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Chiu CY; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nat Microbiol ; 7(2): 277-288, 2022 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1616987
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ABSTRACT
Associations between vaccine breakthrough cases and infection by different SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have remained largely unexplored. Here we analysed SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences and viral loads from 1,373 persons with COVID-19 from the San Francisco Bay Area from 1 February to 30 June 2021, of which 125 (9.1%) were vaccine breakthrough infections. Vaccine breakthrough infections were more commonly associated with circulating antibody-resistant variants carrying ≥1 mutation associated with decreased antibody neutralization (L452R/Q, E484K/Q and/or F490S) than infections in unvaccinated individuals (78% versus 48%, P = 1.96 × 10-8). Differences in viral loads were non-significant between unvaccinated and fully vaccinated cases overall (P = 0.99) and according to lineage (P = 0.09-0.78). Symptomatic vaccine breakthrough infections had comparable viral loads (P = 0.64), whereas asymptomatic breakthrough infections had decreased viral loads (P = 0.023) compared with infections in unvaccinated individuals. In 5 cases with serial samples available for serologic analyses, vaccine breakthrough infections were found to be associated with low or undetectable neutralizing antibody levels attributable to an immunocompromised state or infection by an antibody-resistant lineage. Taken together, our results show that vaccine breakthrough infections are overrepresented by antibody-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants, and that symptomatic breakthrough infections may be as efficient in spreading COVID-19 as unvaccinated infections, regardless of the infecting lineage.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / BNT162 Vaccine / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: Nat Microbiol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41564-021-01041-4

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / BNT162 Vaccine / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged / Young adult Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: Nat Microbiol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41564-021-01041-4