Inflammation of sars-cov2-infected human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and the effects and side effects of remdesivir
Circulation
; 144(SUPPL 1), 2021.
Article
in English
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1634063
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
The global pandemic of the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In addition to respiratory failures, COVID-19 patients exhibited cardiac complications. Studies observed the direct infection and replication of SARS-CoV2 in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) accompanied by cytopathic effects. However, the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-mediated CM death remain poorly understood. In addition, the therapeutic potential of remdesivir (RDV) on CMs has yet to be answered. Methods andResults:
We confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 is infectious to and effectively replicates in hPSC-CMs and is cytopathic to hPSC-CMs. We also found that RDV effectively inhibited viral replication at a concentration of 50 nM. RNA-seq analyses demonstrated that expression of immune responsive genes was elevated in SARS-CoV-2 infected hPSC-CMs. Immunostaining and an ELISA assay further revealed formation of inflammasomes and secretion of inflammasome-mediated cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-6 in SARS-CoV-2 infected hPSC-CMs. RNA-seq analyses showed gene profile changes in SARS-CoV-2 infected hPSC-CMs corroborating with activation of inflammatory signals and cell death pathways. While gene profiles of 0.1 μM RDV-treated SARS-CoV-2-infected hPSC-CMs showed reversal of such changes, a high dose (10 μM) RDV-treated CoV-2-infected hPSC-CMs showed changes in 44% of genes expressed compared to non-RDVtreated CoV2-infected hPSC-CMs. Among those, expression of protein stability related genes, such as genes associated with autophagy and protein ubiquitination increased while expression of antiviral responsive genes decreased. In addition, a high dose of RDV inhibited expression of mitochondrial genes, particularly MitoComplex I and V compositions, which are related to energy production.Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that SARS-CoV2 induced inflammasome in hPSC-CMs, which can underlie cardiac damage in addition to direct cytopathic effects. In addition, RDV can reduce inflammasome when introduced early after SARS-CoV2 infection while a high-dose can aggravate cytopathic effects by potential toxicity to mitochondria.
endogenous, compound; inflammasome; interleukin, 18; interleukin, 1beta; interleukin, 6; remdesivir; autophagy, (cellular); cardiac, muscle, cell; cell, death; conference, abstract; controlled, study; cytopathogenic, effect; drug, megadose; drug, therapy; energy, yield; enzyme, linked, immunosorbent, assay; genetic, profile; heart, injury; human; human, cell; immunohistochemistry; inflammation; mitochondrial, gene; nonhuman; pluripotent, stem, cell; protein, stability; RNA, sequencing; Severe, acute, respiratory, syndrome, coronavirus, 2; ubiquitination; virus, replication
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
Language:
English
Journal:
Circulation
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
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