Correlation of Blood Parameters with Severityin COVID-19 Positive Patients

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) has beendeclared by World Health Organization (WHO) as a global emergency due to its pandemicity. Since its first emergence in Wuhan,China number of new cases and deaths are still increasing by the day.While most patient have mild influenza and may be asymptomatic, aminority of patients will develop severe pneumonia, acute respiratorydistress syndrome, multi organ failure and death. Clinical and Laboratory biomarkers to predict the mortality and severity of COVID-19are essential in this pandemic. According to studies and data Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio is the first and the most importantparameter that is found to be associated with the course of the disease.Following SARS-COV 2 infection, most of the patients presentedwith Lymphopenia and elevated levels of infection related biomarkers, more interestingly, a higher number of Neutrophils and lowernumber of Lymphocytes, the increase of Neutrophil LymphocyteRatio were found in non-survivors with COVID-19 compared tosurvivors along with monocyte lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyteratio, D-Dimer level. These changes showed the degree of inflammation in the body was further intensified, triggering an inflammatorystorm and leading to increased tissue and cell damage.Aims &Objectives: Predicting the severity of COVID-19 patients byevaluating the blood parameters like neutrophils, lymphocyte, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, monocyte lymphocyte ratio, plateletlymphocyte ratio, D-Dimer.Materials &Methods: A total of 100 confirmed COVID 19 patientsat DR PRABHAKAR KORE HOSPITAL OF JNMC, BELAGAVIbetween March 2021 and July 2021 were studied.Result: At hospital admission, the median leukocyte count was 5900cell/mm3. The median neutrophil count was 4240 cell/mm3 and themedian lymphocyte count was 925 cell/mm3. The median platelet-tolymphocyte ratio (PLR) was 191.7 while the median NLR was 4.5.Conclusions: Blood parameters could be used as significant indicators in predicting the severity of COVID-19 patients.