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Factors associated with COVID-19 pandemic induced post-traumatic stress symptoms among adults living with and without HIV in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.
Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Ibigbami, Olanrewaju; ElTantawi, Maha; Abeldaño, Giuliana Florencia; Ara, Eshrat; Ayanore, Martin Amogre; Ellakany, Passent; Gaffar, Balgis; Al-Khanati, Nuraldeen Maher; Idigbe, Ifeoma; Ishabiyi, Anthonia Omotola; Jafer, Mohammed; Khan, Abeedah Tu-Allah; Khalid, Zumama; Lawal, Folake Barakat; Lusher, Joanne; Nzimande, Ntombifuthi P; Osamika, Bamidele Emmanuel; Popoola, Bamidele Olubukola; Quadri, Mir Faeq Ali; Roque, Mark; Shamala, Anas; Al-Tammemi, Ala'a B; Yousaf, Muhammad Abrar; Virtanen, Jorma I; Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño; Okeibunor, Joseph Chukwudi; Nguyen, Annie Lu.
  • Folayan MO; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk.
  • Ibigbami O; Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 22005, Nigeria. toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk.
  • ElTantawi M; Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Abeldaño GF; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Ara E; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
  • Ayanore MA; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Ellakany P; School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico.
  • Gaffar B; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Al-Khanati NM; Government College for Women, Maulana Azad Road, Srinagar, J&K, India.
  • Idigbe I; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Ishabiyi AO; Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
  • Jafer M; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Khan AT; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
  • Khalid Z; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Lawal FB; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
  • Lusher J; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Nzimande NP; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria.
  • Osamika BE; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Popoola BO; Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Quadri MFA; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Roque M; Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • Shamala A; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Al-Tammemi AB; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
  • Yousaf MA; Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
  • Virtanen JI; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Zuñiga RAA; School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
  • Okeibunor JC; Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
  • Nguyen AL; School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
BMC Psychiatry ; 22(1): 48, 2022 01 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1643123
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Nigeria is a country with high risk for traumatic incidences, now aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify differences in COVID-19 related post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among people living and not living with HIV; to assess whether PTSS were associated with COVID-19 pandemic-related anger, loneliness, social isolation, and social support; and to determine the association between PTSS and use of COVID-19 prevention strategies.

METHODS:

The data of the 3761 respondents for this analysis was extracted from a cross-sectional online survey that collected information about mental health and wellness from a convenience sample of adults, 18 years and above, in Nigeria from July to December 2020. Information was collected on the study's dependent variable (PTSS), independent variables (self-reported COVID-19, HIV status, use of COVID-19 prevention strategies, perception of social isolation, access to emotional support, feelings of anger and loneliness), and potential confounder (age, sex at birth, employment status). A binary logistic regression model tested the associations between independent and dependent variables.

RESULTS:

Nearly half (47.5%) of the respondents had PTSS. People who had symptoms but were not tested (AOR = 2.20), felt socially isolated (AOR = 1.16), angry (AOR = 2.64), or lonely (AOR = 2.19) had significantly greater odds of reporting PTSS (p < 0.001). People living with HIV (AOR = 0.39), those who wore masks (AOR = 0.62) and those who had emotional support (AOR = 0.63), had lower odds of reporting PTSS (p < .05).

CONCLUSION:

The present study identified some multifaceted relationships between post-traumatic stress, HIV status, facemask use, anger, loneliness, social isolation, and access to emotional support during this protracted COVID-19 pandemic. These findings have implications for the future health of those affected, particularly for individuals living in Nigeria. Public health education should be incorporated in programs targeting prevention and prompt diagnosis and treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder at the community level.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / HIV Infections / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Infant, Newborn Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: BMC Psychiatry Journal subject: Psychiatry Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12888-021-03617-0

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / HIV Infections / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Infant, Newborn Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: BMC Psychiatry Journal subject: Psychiatry Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S12888-021-03617-0