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COVID-19 school and kindergarten closure relates to children's social relationships: a longitudinal study in Japan.
Hagihara, Hiromichi; Yamamoto, Nozomi; Meng, Xianwei; Sakata, Chifumi; Wang, Jue; Watanabe, Ryoichi; Moriguchi, Yusuke.
  • Hagihara H; International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Yamamoto N; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Meng X; Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Yoshidahoncho, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
  • Sakata C; Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
  • Wang J; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Watanabe R; Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Yoshidahoncho, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
  • Moriguchi Y; Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Yoshidahoncho, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 814, 2022 01 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1648835
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has led children to experience school closures. Although increasing evidence suggests that such intense social quarantine influences children's social relationships with others, longitudinal studies are limited. Using longitudinal data collected during (T1) and after (T2) intensive school closure and home confinement, this study investigated the impacts of social quarantine on children's social relationships. Japanese parents of children aged 0-9 years (n = 425) completed an online questionnaire that examined children's socio-emotional behavior and perceived proximity to parents or others. The results demonstrated that social quarantine was not significantly related to children's socio-emotional behavior across all age groups. However, changes in children's perceived proximity varied depending on certain age-related factors elementary schoolers' perceived closeness to parents significantly decreased after the reopening of schools, whereas that to others, such as peers, increased. Such effects were not observed in infants and preschoolers. The follow-up survey 9-month after the reopening of schools (T3; n = 130) did not detect significant differences in both children's socio-emotional behavior and perceived proximity from that after the intense quarantine. These findings suggest that school closure and home confinement may have influenced children's social development differently across their age, and its effects were larger in perceived closeness rather than social behavior.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Schools / Social Behavior / Quarantine / Surveys and Questionnaires / Pandemics / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male / Infant, Newborn Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-022-04944-2

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Schools / Social Behavior / Quarantine / Surveys and Questionnaires / Pandemics / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male / Infant, Newborn Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-022-04944-2