[18F]FDG uptake in axillary lymph nodes and deltoid muscle after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: a cohort study to determine incidence and contributing factors using a multivariate analysis.
Ann Nucl Med
; 36(4): 340-350, 2022 Apr.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1661736
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Reactive FDG uptake in the axillary lymph nodes (ALN) and deltoid muscle (DM) after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination has been recognized, although the actual situation in the Japanese population remains unknown. To determine the incidence of reactive FDG uptake and its contributing factors, we retrospectively studied a cohort of subjects who were vaccinated at our hospital.METHODS:
Whole-body FDG-PET/CT examinations performed in 237 subjects out of 240 subjects with a definite history of COVID-19 vaccination (BNT162b2; BioNTech-Pfizer) were analyzed. Positivity and SUVmax of FDG uptake in the ALN and DM ipsilateral to vaccination, various subject characteristics, and the grade of the pathological FDG-PET/CT findings were evaluated using a multivariate analysis.RESULTS:
FDG uptake in the ALN and DM ipsilateral to vaccination was seen in about 60% of the subjects even soon (0-4 days) after the first vaccination, with percentages reaching 87.5% and 75.0%, respectively, after the second vaccination. DM uptake had almost disappeared at around 2 weeks, while ALN uptake persisted for 3 weeks or longer. A multivariate analysis showed that a short duration since vaccination, a younger age, a female sex, and a low FDG-PET/CT grade (minimal pathological FDG uptake) contributed significantly to positive ALN uptake, while a short duration since vaccination and a female sex were the only significant contributors to positive DM uptake. This study is the first to identify factors contributing to positive FDG uptake in ALN and DM after COVID-19 vaccination.CONCLUSION:
A high incidence of FDG uptake in ALN and DM was observed after vaccination. ALN uptake seemed to be associated with a younger age, a female sex, and minimal pathological FDG uptake. After vaccination, an acute inflammatory reaction in DM followed by immune reaction in ALN linked to humoral immunity may be speculated.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Breast Neoplasms
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Cohort study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Ann Nucl Med
Journal subject:
Nuclear Medicine
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S12149-021-01711-7
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