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Robust induction of B cell and T cell responses by a third dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
Liu, Yihao; Zeng, Qin; Deng, Caiguanxi; Li, Mengyuan; Li, Liubing; Liu, Dayue; Liu, Ming; Ruan, Xinyuan; Mei, Jie; Mo, Ruohui; Zhou, Qian; Liu, Min; Peng, Sui; Wang, Ji; Zhang, Hui; Xiao, Haipeng.
  • Liu Y; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Zeng Q; Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Deng C; Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Li M; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Li L; Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Liu D; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Liu M; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Ruan X; Department of Medical Affairs, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Mei J; Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Mo R; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Zhou Q; Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Liu M; Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Peng S; Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Wang J; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Zhang H; Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • Xiao H; Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Cell Discov ; 8(1): 10, 2022 Feb 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1661960
Preprint
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ABSTRACT
SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines have shown remarkable efficacy in clinical trials, especially in reducing severe illness and casualty. However, the waning of humoral immunity over time has raised concern over the durability of immune memory following vaccination. Thus, we conducted a nonrandomized trial among the healthcare workers (HCWs) to investigate the long-term sustainability of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells and T cells stimulated by inactivated vaccines and the potential need for a third booster dose. Although neutralizing antibodies elicited by the standard two-dose vaccination schedule dropped from a peak of 29.3 arbitrary units (AU)/mL to 8.8 AU/mL 5 months after the second vaccination, spike-specific memory B and T cells were still detectable, forming the basis for a quick recall response. As expected, the faded humoral immune response was vigorously elevated to 63.6 AU/mL by 7.2 folds 1 week after the third dose along with abundant spike-specific circulating follicular helper T cells in parallel. Meanwhile, spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were also robustly elevated by 5.9 and 2.7 folds respectively. Robust expansion of memory pools by the third dose potentiated greater durability of protective immune responses. Another key finding in this trial was that HCWs with low serological response to two doses were not truly "non-responders" but fully equipped with immune memory that could be quickly recalled by a third dose even 5 months after the second vaccination. Collectively, these data provide insights into the generation of long-term immunological memory by the inactivated vaccine, which could be rapidly recalled and further boosted by a third dose.

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: Cell Discov Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41421-022-00373-7

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: Cell Discov Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41421-022-00373-7