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T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike cross-recognize Omicron.
Keeton, Roanne; Tincho, Marius B; Ngomti, Amkele; Baguma, Richard; Benede, Ntombi; Suzuki, Akiko; Khan, Khadija; Cele, Sandile; Bernstein, Mallory; Karim, Farina; Madzorera, Sharon V; Moyo-Gwete, Thandeka; Mennen, Mathilda; Skelem, Sango; Adriaanse, Marguerite; Mutithu, Daniel; Aremu, Olukayode; Stek, Cari; du Bruyn, Elsa; Van Der Mescht, Mieke A; de Beer, Zelda; de Villiers, Talita R; Bodenstein, Annie; van den Berg, Gretha; Mendes, Adriano; Strydom, Amy; Venter, Marietjie; Giandhari, Jennifer; Naidoo, Yeshnee; Pillay, Sureshnee; Tegally, Houriiyah; Grifoni, Alba; Weiskopf, Daniela; Sette, Alessandro; Wilkinson, Robert J; de Oliveira, Tulio; Bekker, Linda-Gail; Gray, Glenda; Ueckermann, Veronica; Rossouw, Theresa; Boswell, Michael T; Bhiman, Jinal N; Moore, Penny L; Sigal, Alex; Ntusi, Ntobeko A B; Burgers, Wendy A; Riou, Catherine.
  • Keeton R; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Tincho MB; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Ngomti A; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Baguma R; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Benede N; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Suzuki A; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Khan K; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Cele S; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Bernstein M; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Karim F; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Madzorera SV; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Moyo-Gwete T; Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Mennen M; Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
  • Skelem S; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • Adriaanse M; Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
  • Mutithu D; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • Aremu O; Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
  • Stek C; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • du Bruyn E; Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
  • Van Der Mescht MA; School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • de Beer Z; National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • de Villiers TR; SA MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Bodenstein A; National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • van den Berg G; SA MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Mendes A; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Strydom A; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Venter M; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Giandhari J; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Naidoo Y; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Pillay S; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Tegally H; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Grifoni A; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Weiskopf D; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital; Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Sette A; Department of Immunology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Wilkinson RJ; Tshwane District Hospital, Tshwane, South Africa.
  • de Oliveira T; Tshwane District Hospital, Tshwane, South Africa.
  • Bekker LG; Tshwane District Hospital, Tshwane, South Africa.
  • Gray G; Tshwane District Hospital, Tshwane, South Africa.
  • Ueckermann V; Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Rossouw T; Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Boswell MT; Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Bhiman JN; KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • Moore PL; KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • Sigal A; KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • Ntusi NAB; KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
  • Burgers WA; Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
  • Riou C; Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nature ; 603(7901): 488-492, 2022 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1661968
ABSTRACT
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has multiple spike protein mutations1,2 that contribute to viral escape from antibody neutralization3-6 and reduce vaccine protection from infection7,8. The extent to which other components of the adaptive response such as T cells may still target Omicron and contribute to protection from severe outcomes is unknown. Here we assessed the ability of T cells to react to Omicron spike protein in participants who were vaccinated with Ad26.CoV2.S or BNT162b2, or unvaccinated convalescent COVID-19 patients (n = 70). Between 70% and 80% of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response to spike was maintained across study groups. Moreover, the magnitude of Omicron cross-reactive T cells was similar for Beta (B.1.351) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants, despite Omicron harbouring considerably more mutations. In patients who were hospitalized with Omicron infections (n = 19), there were comparable T cell responses to ancestral spike, nucleocapsid and membrane proteins to those in patients hospitalized in previous waves dominated by the ancestral, Beta or Delta variants (n = 49). Thus, despite extensive mutations and reduced susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies of Omicron, the majority of T cell responses induced by vaccination or infection cross-recognize the variant. It remains to be determined whether well-preserved T cell immunity to Omicron contributes to protection from severe COVID-19 and is linked to early clinical observations from South Africa and elsewhere9-12.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: T-Lymphocytes / Cross Reactions / Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Immunity, Cellular Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Aged / Humans / Middle aged Language: English Journal: Nature Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41586-022-04460-3

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: T-Lymphocytes / Cross Reactions / Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Immunity, Cellular Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Aged / Humans / Middle aged Language: English Journal: Nature Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41586-022-04460-3