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Humoral antibody kinetics with ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield™) and BBV-152 (Covaxin™) vaccine among Indian Healthcare workers: A 6-month longitudinal cross-sectional Coronavirus Vaccine-induced antibody titre (COVAT) study.
Singh, Awadhesh Kumar; Phatak, Sanjeev Ratnakar; Singh, Ritu; Bhattacharjee, Kingshuk; Singh, Nagendra Kumar; Gupta, Arvind; Sharma, Arvind.
  • Singh AK; Consultant Endocrinologist, G. D Hospital & Diabetes Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Electronic address: draksingh_2001@yahoo.com.
  • Phatak SR; Consultant Physician & Diabetologist, Vijayratna Diabetes Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
  • Singh R; Consultant Gynecologist, G. D Hospital & Diabetes Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
  • Bhattacharjee K; Independent Biostatistician, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
  • Singh NK; Diabetes and Heart Research Centre, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India.
  • Gupta A; Department of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Rajasthan Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
  • Sharma A; Associate Professor, Dept. of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Diabetes Metab Syndr ; 16(2): 102424, 2022 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1664849
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND

AIMS:

There is limited data available on longitudinal humoral antibody dynamics following two doses of ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield™) and BBV-152 (Covaxin™) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 among Indians.

METHODS:

We conducted a 6-month longitudinal study in vaccinated healthcare workers by serially measuring quantitative anti-spike antibody at 3-weeks, 3-months and 6-months after the completion of second dose. Geometric mean titer (GMT) and linear mixed models were used to assess the dynamics of antibody levels at 6 months.

RESULTS:

Of the 481 participants, GMT of anti-spike antibody decreased by 56% at 6-months regardless of age, gender, blood group, body-mass index and comorbidities in 360 SARS-CoV-2 naive individuals but significantly more in hypertensives. Participants with past infection had significantly higher GMT at all time points compared to the naive individuals. Among SARS-CoV-2 naive cohorts, a significantly higher GMT was noted amongst the Covishield recipients at all time points, but there was a 44% decline in GMT at 6-month compared to the peak titer period. Decline in GMT was insignificant (8%) in Covaxin recipients at 6-month despite a lower GMT at all time points vs. Covishield. There was 5.6-fold decrease in seropositivity rate at 6-month with both vaccines. Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a lower seropositivity rate at all the time points. Seropositivity rate was significantly higher with Covishield vs. Covaxin at all time points except at 6-month where Covaxin recipients had a higher seropositivity rate but no difference noted in propensity-matched analysis.

CONCLUSIONS:

There is waning humoral antibody response following two doses of either vaccine at six months. Covishield recipients had a higher anti-spike antibody GMT compared with Covaxin at all-time points, however a significant decline in antibody titers was seen with Covishield but not with Covaxin at 6-months.
Subject(s)
Keywords

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Health Personnel / Immunity, Humoral / COVID-19 Vaccines / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: Diabetes Metab Syndr Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Health Personnel / Immunity, Humoral / COVID-19 Vaccines / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Journal: Diabetes Metab Syndr Year: 2022 Document Type: Article