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Bacteria-enabled oral delivery of a replicon-based mRNA vaccine candidate protects against ancestral and delta variant SARS-CoV-2.
Jawalagatti, Vijayakumar; Kirthika, Perumalraja; Hewawaduge, Chamith; Yang, Myeon-Sik; Park, Ji-Young; Oh, Byungkwan; Lee, John Hwa.
  • Jawalagatti V; Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea.
  • Kirthika P; Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea.
  • Hewawaduge C; Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea.
  • Yang MS; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea.
  • Park JY; Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea.
  • Oh B; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea.
  • Lee JH; Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea. Electronic address: johnhlee@jbnu.ac.kr.
Mol Ther ; 30(5): 1926-1940, 2022 05 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1665550
ABSTRACT
The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) evolution has resulted in many variants, contributing to the striking drop in vaccine efficacy and necessitating the development of next-generation vaccines to tackle antigenic diversity. Herein we developed a multivalent Semliki Forest virus replicon-based mRNA vaccine targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD), heptad repeat domain (HR), membrane protein (M), and epitopes of non-structural protein 13 (nsp13) of SARS-CoV-2. The bacteria-mediated gene delivery offers the rapid production of large quantities of vaccine at a highly economical scale and notably allows needle-free mass vaccination. Favorable T-helper (Th) 1-dominated potent antibody and cellular immune responses were detected in the immunized mice. Further, immunization induced strong cross-protective neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the B.1.617.2 delta variant (clade G). We recorded a difference in induction of immunoglobulin (Ig) A response by the immunization route, with the oral route eliciting a strong mucosal secretory IgA (sIgA) response, which possibly has contributed to the enhanced protection conferred by oral immunization. Hamsters immunized orally were completely protected against viral replication in the lungs and the nasal cavity. Importantly, the vaccine protected the hamsters against SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia. The study provides proof-of-principle findings for the development of a feasible and efficacious oral mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Mol Ther Journal subject: Molecular Biology / Therapeutics Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ymthe.2022.01.042

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Mol Ther Journal subject: Molecular Biology / Therapeutics Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ymthe.2022.01.042