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Influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the incidence of heat stroke and heat exhaustion in Japan: a nationwide observational study based on the Heatstroke STUDY 2019 (without COVID-19) and 2020 (with COVID-19).
Kanda, Jun; Miyake, Yasufumi; Umehara, Tadashi; Yoshiike, Shoichi; Fujita, Motoki; Hayashida, Kei; Hifumi, Toru; Kaneko, Hitoshi; Kobayashi, Tatsuho; Kondo, Yutaka; Moriya, Takashi; Okada, Yohei; Okano, Yuichi; Shimazaki, Junya; Takauji, Shuhei; Yamaguchi, Junko; Yagi, Masaharu; Yokota, Hiroyuki; Shimizu, Keiki; Yaguchi, Arino; Yokobori, Shoji.
  • Kanda J; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Miyake Y; Department of Emergency Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.
  • Umehara T; Department of Emergency Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.
  • Yoshiike S; Department of Emergency Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.
  • Fujita M; Aizawa Hospital Nagano Japan.
  • Hayashida K; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Hifumi T; Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center Yamaguchi University Hospital Yamaguchi Japan.
  • Kaneko H; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Kobayashi T; Department of Emergency Medicine North Shore University Hospital Northwell Health System Manhasset New York.
  • Kondo Y; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Moriya T; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine St. Luke's International Hospital Tokyo Japan.
  • Okada Y; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Okano Y; Emergency and Critical Care Center Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center Tokyo Japan.
  • Shimazaki J; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Takauji S; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Aizu Chuo Hospital Fukushima Japan.
  • Yamaguchi J; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Yagi M; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital Chiba Japan.
  • Yokota H; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Shimizu K; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center Saitama Japan.
  • Yaguchi A; Japan Association of Acute Medicine Heatstroke and Hypothermia Surveillance Committee Tokyo Japan.
  • Yokobori S; Department of Primary Care and Emergency Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan.
Acute Med Surg ; 9(1): e731, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1669367
ABSTRACT

AIM:

To assess heat stroke and heat exhaustion occurrence and response during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Japan.

METHODS:

This retrospective, multicenter, registry-based study describes and compares the characteristics of patients between the months of July and September in 2019 and 2020. Factors affecting heat stroke and heat exhaustion were statistically analyzed. Cramér's V was calculated to determine the effect size for group comparisons. We also investigated the prevalence of mask wearing and details of different cooling methods.

RESULTS:

No significant differences were observed between 2019 and 2020. In both years, in-hospital mortality rates just exceeded 8%. Individuals >65 years old comprised 50% of cases and non-exertional onset (office work and everyday life) comprised 60%-70%, respectively. The recommendations from the Working Group on Heat Stroke Medicine given during the coronavirus disease pandemic in 2019 had a significant impact on the choice of cooling methods. The percentage of cases, for which intravascular temperature management was performed and cooling blankets were used increased, whereas the percentage of cases in which evaporative plus convective cooling was performed decreased. A total of 49 cases of heat stroke in mask wearing were reported.

CONCLUSION:

Epidemiological assessments of heat stroke and heat exhaustion did not reveal significant changes between 2019 and 2020. The findings suggest that awareness campaigns regarding heat stroke prevention among the elderly in daily life should be continued in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In the future, it is also necessary to validate the recommendations of the Working Group on Heatstroke Medicine.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Acute Med Surg Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Language: English Journal: Acute Med Surg Year: 2022 Document Type: Article