Acute hepatitis A in international travellers: a GeoSentinel analysis, 2008-2020.
J Travel Med
; 29(2)2022 03 21.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1672228
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Non-immune international travellers are at risk of acquiring hepatitis A. Although hepatitis A vaccination is recommended for unvaccinated travellers to high or intermediate hepatitis A virus endemicity, compliance with this recommendation is not universal.The main objective was to describe the demographic and travel characteristics of international travellers infected with hepatitis A during travel.METHODS:
Available data on travellers with confirmed (positive molecular test) or probable (symptomatic individuals with a single positive IgM test) hepatitis A diagnosed during and after travel from January 2008 to December 2020 were obtained from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database. We analysed demographic and travel characteristics of infected travellers.RESULTS:
Among 254 travellers with hepatitis A (185 confirmed and 69 probable), the median age was 28 years (interquartile range 19-40), 150 (59%) were male, and among 54 travellers with information available, 53 (98%) were unvaccinated. The most common reasons for travel included tourism (n = 120; 47%) and visiting friends or relatives (VFR; n = 72; 28%). About two-thirds of VFR travellers with hepatitis A (n = 50; 69%) were younger than 20 years old. Hepatitis A was acquired most frequently in South-Central Asia (n = 63; 25%) and sub-Saharan Africa (n = 61; 24%), but 16 travellers (6%) acquired hepatitis A in regions with low endemicity including Western Europe (n = 7; 3%), the Caribbean (n = 6; 2%) and North America (n = 3; 1%). Median duration from illness onset to GeoSentinel site presentation was ~7 days (interquartile range 4-14 days). Among 88 travellers with information available, 59% were hospitalized.CONCLUSIONS:
Despite availability of highly effective vaccines, travellers still acquire hepatitis A, even when traveling to low-endemicity destinations. Providing pre-departure hepatitis A vaccine to susceptible travellers is crucial to reducing travel-associated hepatitis A and should be offered to all travellers as part of the pre-travel consultation, regardless of destination.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Hepatitis A
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Young adult
Country/Region as subject:
Europa
Language:
English
Journal subject:
Communicable Diseases
/
Public Health
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Jtm
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