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Evaluation of the Autoimmunity and Preexisting Risky Conditions for Hypersensitivity Reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines.
Tuzer, Can; Terzioglu, Kadriye.
  • Tuzer C; Adult Immunology and Allergy Clinic, Batman Research and Education Hospital, Batman, Turkey.
  • Terzioglu K; Adult Immunology and Allergy Clinic, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol ; 183(6): 651-661, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1673574
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

The role of autoimmunity and other preexisting risky conditions in hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to COVID-19 vaccines seems unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate the autoimmunity and preexisting risky conditions in HSRs to COVID-19 vaccines.

METHODS:

The patients aged ≥18 years with a history of HSR to CoronaVac or Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines within 24 h in 2 tertiary centers were assessed. The patients were divided according to the type of vaccine which they showed immediate-type (<4 h) HSR to (group A1 for CoronaVac and group B1 for Pfizer-BioNTech). Equal number of subjects who did not show HSR to two doses of either CoronaVac or Pfizer-BioNTech was recruited into the study as control groups (group A2 for CoronaVac and group B2 for Pfizer-BioNTech). The autologous serum skin test (ASST) was performed on patient and control groups. Later, the demographic, clinical, and laboratory features were compared between groups.

RESULTS:

A total number of 27 patients were included in the study. Subjects with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) were more frequent in group B1 than in group B2 (p0.041). In addition to CSU, the presence of HSRs to drugs was higher in group A1 than in A2 (both p0.007). The presence of autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases, positivity of antithyroid peroxidase antibody, and ASST were less in group A2 than in A1 (p0.015, p0.048, p0.048, and p0.037). Additionally, COVID-19 infection history was less in group A2 than in A1 (p0.037). DISCUSSION/

CONCLUSION:

Type IIb autoimmunity seems to play a role in immediate type HSRs to the CoronaVac vaccine as previously shown in autoimmune CSU and multidrug hypersensitivity.
Subject(s)
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Autoimmune Diseases / Chronic Urticaria / COVID-19 / Hypersensitivity Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: Int Arch Allergy Immunol Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 000521709

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Autoimmune Diseases / Chronic Urticaria / COVID-19 / Hypersensitivity Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: Int Arch Allergy Immunol Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 000521709