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An Epidemiologic Analysis of Associations between County-Level Per Capita Income, Unemployment Rate, and COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in the United States.
Guo, Yuqi; Kaniuka, Andrea R; Gao, Jingjing; Sims, Omar T.
  • Guo Y; School of Social Work, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28262, USA.
  • Kaniuka AR; School of Data Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28262, USA.
  • Gao J; Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28262, USA.
  • Sims OT; Public Policy Program, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28262, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health ; 19(3)2022 Feb 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1674618
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine associations between per capita income, unemployment rates, and COVID-19 vaccination rates at the county-level across the United States (U.S.), as well as to identify the interaction effects between county-level per capita income, unemployment rates, and racial/ethnic composition on COVID-19 vaccination rates. All counties in the U.S. that reported COVID-19 vaccination rates from January 2021 to July 2021 were included in this longitudinal study (n = 2857). Pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) with fixed-effects were employed to longitudinally examine economic impacts on racial/ethnic disparities on county-level COVID-19 vaccination rates. County-level per capita income and county-level unemployment rates were both positively associated with county-level COVID-19 vaccination rates across the U.S. However, the associations were divergent in the context of race/ethnicity. Public health efforts to bolster COVID-19 vaccination rates are encouraged to consider economic factors that are associated with decreases in COVID-19 vaccination rates.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Unemployment / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ijerph19031755

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Unemployment / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Ijerph19031755