COVID-19 and obesity: the confrontation of two pandemics.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
; 26(2): 695-709, 2022 Jan.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1675568
ABSTRACT
In 2009, obesity was identified for the first time as a risk factor for increased disease severity and mortality in patients infected with the H1N1 influenza A virus. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, overweight and obesity have been described as independent risk factors of disease severity and mortality due to COVID-19. Excess visceral fat is associated with systemic chronic microinflammation, changes in adipokine release, and oxidative stress. These disturbances result in an impaired immune response, including dysfunction in lymphocyte action and antibody production. Moreover, obesity is a cause of endothelial dysfunction, pro-coagulation state, and enhanced expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), which contributes to the infection itself and the severity of the disease. We analyzed both the impact of obesity on the severity of COVID-19 and the potential mechanism that influences this severity. Moreover, we discuss the effect of obesity complications on the severity of disease and mortality of patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, we summarize the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with obesity. Finally, we analyzed the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mood disturbances and emotional eating and, as a consequence, the development of obesity or an increase in its severity. In summary, the studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic indicate that effective obesity treatment should be initiated at once. In addition, the data confirm the need to organize efficient obesity treatment systems for the sake of not only the individual but also society.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Influenza, Human
/
COVID-19
/
Obesity
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
/
Reviews
Topics:
Long Covid
/
Vaccines
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
Journal subject:
Pharmacology
/
Toxicology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Eurrev_202201_27896
Similar
MEDLINE
...
LILACS
LIS