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Disease severity during SARS-COV-2 reinfection: a nationwide study.
Mensah, Anna A; Lacy, Joanne; Stowe, Julia; Seghezzo, Giulia; Sachdeva, Ruchira; Simmons, Ruth; Bukasa, Antoaneta; O'Boyle, Shennae; Andrews, Nick; Ramsay, Mary; Campbell, Helen; Brown, Kevin.
  • Mensah AA; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Lacy J; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Stowe J; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Seghezzo G; COVID-19 EpiCell, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Sachdeva R; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Simmons R; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Bukasa A; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • O'Boyle S; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Andrews N; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Ramsay M; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
  • Campbell H; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK. Electronic address: Helen.Campbell@ohe.gov.uk.
  • Brown K; Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
J Infect ; 84(4): 542-550, 2022 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1683338
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to look at the burden of disease caused by SARS-COV-2 reinfections and identified potential risk factors for disease severity.

METHODS:

We used national surveillance data to collect information on all SARS-CoV-2 primary infection and suspected reinfection cases between January 2020 until early May 2021. Reinfection cases were positive COVID-19 PCR or antigen test, 90 days after their first COVID-19 positive test. We collected information on case demographics, hospital and ICU admission, immunisation status and if individuals were at risk of complication for COVID-19.

RESULTS:

Deaths reported within 28 days of testing positive were 61% (95% confidence interval 56% to 65%) lower in suspected COVID-19 reinfection than primary infection cases. In the unvaccinated cohort, reinfections were associated with 49% (37% to 58%) lower odds of hospital admission in cases aged 50 to 65 years in the population not identified at risk of complication for COVID-19, and 34% (17% to 48%) in those at risk. ICU admission at reinfection compared to primary infection decreased 76% (55% to 87%). Individuals at risk and those aged below 50 years, who received at least 1 dose of vaccine against COVID-19, were 62% (39% to 74%) and 58% (24% to 77%) less likely to get admitted to hospital at reinfection, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with lower odds of dying, and both prior infection and immunisation showed a protective effect against severe disease in selected populations. Older age, sex and underlying comorbidities appeared as principal risk factors for illness severity at reinfection.

FUNDING:

PHE/UKHSA.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Infect Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jinf.2022.01.012

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Infect Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.jinf.2022.01.012