Your browser doesn't support javascript.
Cruise Ship Travel in the Era of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Summary of Outbreaks and a Model of Public Health Interventions.
Guagliardo, Sarah Anne J; Prasad, Pragati V; Rodriguez, Andrea; Fukunaga, Rena; Novak, Ryan T; Ahart, Lauren; Reynolds, Jared; Griffin, Isabel; Wiegand, Ryan; Quilter, Laura A S; Morrison, Stephanie; Jenkins, Keisha; Wall, Hilary K; Treffiletti, Aimee; White, Stefanie B; Regan, Joanna; Tardivel, Kara; Freeland, Amy; Brown, Clive; Wolford, Hannah; Johansson, Michael A; Cetron, Martin S; Slayton, Rachel B; Friedman, Cindy R.
  • Guagliardo SAJ; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Prasad PV; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Rodriguez A; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Fukunaga R; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Novak RT; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Ahart L; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Reynolds J; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Griffin I; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Wiegand R; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Quilter LAS; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Morrison S; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Jenkins K; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Wall HK; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Treffiletti A; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • White SB; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Regan J; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Tardivel K; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Freeland A; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Brown C; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Wolford H; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Johansson MA; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Cetron MS; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Slayton RB; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Friedman CR; COVID-19 Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Clin Infect Dis ; 74(3): 490-497, 2022 02 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1684539
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Cruise travel contributed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission when there were relatively few cases in the United States. By 14 March 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a No Sail Order suspending US cruise operations; the last US passenger ship docked on 16 April.

METHODS:

We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks on cruises in US waters or carrying US citizens and used regression models to compare voyage characteristics. We used compartmental models to simulate the potential impact of 4 interventions (screening for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms; viral testing on 2 days and isolation of positive persons; reduction of passengers by 40%, crew by 20%, and reducing port visits to 1) for 7-day and 14-day voyages.

RESULTS:

During 19 January to 16 April 2020, 89 voyages on 70 ships had known SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks; 16 ships had recurrent outbreaks. There were 1669 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections and 29 confirmed deaths. Longer voyages were associated with more cases (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.17, P < .003). Mathematical models showed that 7-day voyages had about 70% fewer cases than 14-day voyages. On 7-day voyages, the most effective interventions were reducing the number of individuals onboard (43.3% reduction in total infections) and testing passengers and crew (42% reduction in total infections). All four interventions reduced transmission by 80.1%, but no single intervention or combination eliminated transmission. Results were similar for 14-day voyages.

CONCLUSIONS:

SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks on cruises were common during January-April 2020. Despite all interventions modeled, cruise travel still poses a significant SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk.
Subject(s)
Keywords

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: Clin Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid

Similar

MEDLINE

...
LILACS

LIS


Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: North America Language: English Journal: Clin Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid