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Gut microbiota composition is associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity and adverse events.
Ng, Siew C; Peng, Ye; Zhang, Lin; Mok, Chris Kp; Zhao, Shilin; Li, Amy; Ching, Jessica Yl; Liu, Yingzhi; Yan, Shuai; Chan, Dream L S; Zhu, Jie; Chen, Chunke; Fung, Adrian Ch; Wong, Kenneth Ky; Hui, David Sc; Chan, Francis Kl; Tun, Hein M.
  • Ng SC; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Peng Y; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Zhang L; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Mok CK; Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Zhao S; HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Li A; School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Ching JY; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Liu Y; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Yan S; Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Chan DLS; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Zhu J; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Chen C; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Fung AC; HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Wong KK; School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Hui DS; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Chan FK; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
  • Tun HM; Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Gut ; 71(6): 1106-1116, 2022 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1685679
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

The gut microbiota plays a key role in modulating host immune response. We conducted a prospective, observational study to examine gut microbiota composition in association with immune responses and adverse events in adults who have received the inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac; Sinovac) or the mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2; BioNTech; Comirnaty).

DESIGN:

We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing in stool samples of 138 COVID-19 vaccinees (37 CoronaVac and 101 BNT162b2 vaccinees) collected at baseline and 1 month after second dose of vaccination. Immune markers were measured by SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralisation test and spike receptor-binding domain IgG ELISA.

RESULTS:

We found a significantly lower immune response in recipients of CoronaVac than BNT162b2 vaccines (p<0.05). Bifidobacterium adolescentis was persistently higher in subjects with high neutralising antibodies to CoronaVac vaccine (p=0.023) and their baseline gut microbiome was enriched in pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism (linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores >2 and p<0.05). Neutralising antibodies in BNT162b2 vaccinees showed a positive correlation with the total abundance of bacteria with flagella and fimbriae including Roseburia faecis (p=0.028). The abundance of Prevotella copri and two Megamonas species were enriched in individuals with fewer adverse events following either of the vaccines indicating that these bacteria may play an anti-inflammatory role in host immune response (LDA scores>3 and p<0.05).

CONCLUSION:

Our study has identified specific gut microbiota markers in association with improved immune response and reduced adverse events following COVID-19 vaccines. Microbiota-targeted interventions have the potential to complement effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Gastrointestinal Microbiome / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: Gut Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Gutjnl-2021-326563

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Gastrointestinal Microbiome / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: Gut Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Gutjnl-2021-326563