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High Prevalence of Anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Anti-SARS-CoV-2) Antibodies After the First Wave of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Results of a Cross-sectional Household-Based Survey.
Nkuba, Antoine N; Makiala, Sheila M; Guichet, Emilande; Tshiminyi, Paul M; Bazitama, Yannick M; Yambayamba, Marc K; Kazenza, Benito M; Kabeya, Trésor M; Matungulu, Elysee B; Baketana, Lionel K; Mitongo, Naomi M; Thaurignac, Guillaume; Leendertz, Fabian H; Vanlerberghe, Veerle; Pelloquin, Raphaël; Etard, Jean-François; Maman, David; Mbala, Placide K; Ayouba, Ahidjo; Peeters, Martine; Muyembe, Jean-Jacques T; Delaporte, Eric; Ahuka, Steve M.
  • Nkuba AN; TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
  • Makiala SM; Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Guichet E; Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Tshiminyi PM; Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Bazitama YM; Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Yambayamba MK; TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
  • Kazenza BM; Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Kabeya TM; Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Matungulu EB; Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Baketana LK; Center for Zoonosis Control, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
  • Mitongo NM; Département d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Thaurignac G; Département de Nutrition, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Leendertz FH; Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Vanlerberghe V; Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Pelloquin R; Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Etard JF; Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • Maman D; TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
  • Mbala PK; Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms Project Group, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
  • Ayouba A; Tropical Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Public Health, Antwerp, Belgium.
  • Peeters M; TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
  • Muyembe JT; TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
  • Delaporte E; Epigreen, Paris, France.
  • Ahuka SM; Epigreen, Paris, France.
Clin Infect Dis ; 74(5): 882-890, 2022 03 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1692246
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

In October 2020, after the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), only 8290 confirmed cases were reported in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, but the real prevalence remains unknown. To guide public health policies, we aimed to describe the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the general population in Kinshasa.

METHODS:

We conducted a cross-sectional, household-based serosurvey between 22 October 2020 and 8 November 2020. Participants were interviewed at home and tested for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in a Luminex-based assay. A positive serology was defined as a sample that reacted with both SARS-CoV-2 proteins (100% sensitivity, 99.7% specificity). The overall weighted, age-standardized prevalence was estimated and the infection-to-case ratio was calculated to determine the proportion of undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections.

RESULTS:

A total of 1233 participants from 292 households were included (mean age, 32.4 years; 764 [61.2%] women). The overall weighted, age-standardized SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 16.6% (95% CI 14.0-19.5%). The estimated infection-to-case ratio was 2921. Prevalence was higher among participants ≥40 years than among those <18 years (21.2% vs 14.9%, respectively; P < .05). It was also higher in participants who reported hospitalization than among those who did not (29.8% vs 16.0%, respectively; P < .05). However, differences were not significant in the multivariate model (P = .1).

CONCLUSIONS:

The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 is much higher than the number of COVID-19 cases reported. These results justify the organization of a sequential series of serosurveys by public health authorities to adapt response measures to the dynamics of the pandemic.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Qualitative research / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adult / Female / Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Clin Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Qualitative research / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adult / Female / Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Clin Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid