Variability in detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses following mild infection: a prospective multicentre cross-sectional study, London, United
Eurosurveillance
; 27(4), 2022.
Article
in English
| CAB Abstracts | ID: covidwho-1717331
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Immunoassays targeting different SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies are employed for seroprevalence studies. The degree of variability between immunoassays targeting anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NP;the majority) vs the potentially neutralising anti-spike antibodies (including anti-receptor-binding domain;anti-RBD), particularly in mild or asymptomatic disease, remains unclear. Aims We aimed to explore variability in anti-NP and anti-RBD antibody detectability following mild symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and analyse antibody response for correlation with symptomatology. Methods A multicentre prospective cross-sectional study was undertaken (April-July 2020). Paired serum samples were tested for anti-NP and anti-RBD IgG antibodies and reactivity expressed as binding ratios (BR). Multivariate linear regression was performed analysing age, sex, time since onset, symptomatology, anti-NP and anti-RBD antibody BR. Results We included 906 adults. Antibody results (793/906;87.5%;95% confidence interval 85.2-89.6) and BR strongly correlated (p = 0.75). PCR-confirmed cases were more frequently identified by anti-RBD (129/130) than anti-NP (123/130). Anti-RBD testing identified 83 of 325 (25.5%) cases otherwise reported as negative for anti-NP. Anti-NP presence (+1.75/unit increase;p < 0.001), fever ( 38..C;+1.81;p < 0.001) or anosmia (+1.91;p < 0.001) were significantly associated with increased anti-RBD BR. Age (p = 0.85), sex (p = 0.28) and cough (p = 0.35) were not. When time since symptom onset was considered, we did not observe a significant change in anti-RBD BR (p = 0.95) but did note decreasing anti-NP BR (p < 0.001). Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD IgG showed significant correlation with anti-NP IgG for absolute seroconversion and BR. Higher BR were seen in symptomatic individuals, particularly those with fever. Inter-assay variability (12.5%) was evident and raises considerations for optimising seroprevalence testing strategies/studies.
Prion, Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens of Humans [VV210]; Human Immunology and Allergology [VV055]; human diseases; antibodies; viral diseases; antibody formation; blood serum; detection; disease prevalence; IgG; immune response; immunoassay; infectious diseases; seroconversion; seroprevalence; symptomatology; symptoms; coronavirus disease 2019; public health; pandemics; man; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; UK; Homo; Hominidae; primates; mammals; vertebrates; Chordata; animals; eukaryotes; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirinae; Coronaviridae; Nidovirales; positive-sense ssRNA Viruses; ssRNA Viruses; RNA Viruses; viruses; British Isles; Western Europe; Europe; Commonwealth of Nations; European Union Countries; high income countries; OECD Countries; very high Human Development Index countries; SARS-CoV-2; viral infections; immunity reactions; immunological reactions; communicable diseases; Britain; United Kingdom
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Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
CAB Abstracts
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Language:
English
Journal:
Eurosurveillance
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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