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Differential Impact of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on the Epidemiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Children During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.
Kim, Ye Kyung; Choi, Youn Young; Lee, Hyunju; Song, Eun Song; Ahn, Jong Gyun; Park, Su Eun; Lee, Taekjin; Cho, Hye-Kyung; Lee, Jina; Kim, Yae-Jean; Jo, Dae Sun; Kang, Hyun Mi; Lee, Joon Kee; Kim, Chun Soo; Kim, Dong Hyun; Kim, Hwang Min; Choi, Jae Hong; Eun, Byung Wook; Kim, Nam Hee; Cho, Eun Young; Kim, Yun-Kyung; Oh, Chi Eun; Kim, Kyung-Hyo; Choi, Eun Hwa.
  • Kim YK; From the Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
  • Choi YY; Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
  • Lee H; Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
  • Song ES; Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • Ahn JG; Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
  • Park SE; Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • Lee T; Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
  • Cho HK; Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
  • Lee J; Department of Pediatrics, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
  • Kim YJ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
  • Jo DS; Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • Kang HM; Department of Pediatrics, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
  • Lee JK; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
  • Kim CS; Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
  • Kim DH; Department of Pediatrics, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
  • Kim HM; Department of Pediatrics, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
  • Choi JH; Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
  • Eun BW; Department of Pediatrics, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
  • Kim NH; Department of Pediatrics, Nowon Eulji University School of Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
  • Cho EY; Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
  • Kim YK; Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.
  • Oh CE; Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.
  • Kim KH; Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Korea.
  • Choi EH; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 41(2): 91-96, 2022 02 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1722660
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Invasive bacterial infection (IBI) remains a major burden of mortality and morbidity in children. As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged, stringent nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were applied worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NPIs on pediatric IBI in Korea.

METHODS:

From January 2018 to December 2020, surveillance for pediatric IBIs caused by 9 pathogens (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, S. aureus, Salmonella species, L. monocytogenes and E. coli) was performed at 22 hospitals throughout Korea. Annual incidence rates were compared before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESULTS:

A total of 651 cases were identified and the annual incidence was 194.0 cases per 100,000 in-patients in 2018, 170.0 in 2019 and 172.4 in 2020. Most common pathogen by age group was S. agalactiae in infants < 3 months (n = 129, 46.7%), S. aureus in 3 to < 24 months (n = 35, 37.2%), Salmonella spp. in 24 to < 60 months (n = 24, 34.8%) and S. aureus in children ≥ 5 years (n = 128, 60.7%). Compared with 2018 to 2019, the incidence rate in 2020 decreased by 57% for invasive pneumococcal disease (26.6 vs. 11.5 per 100,000 in-patients, P = 0.014) and 59% for Salmonella spp. infection (22.8 vs. 9.4 per 100,000 in-patients, P = 0.018). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in invasive infections due to S. aureus, S. agalactiae and E. coli.

CONCLUSIONS:

The NPIs implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced invasive diseases caused by S. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp. but not S. aureus, S. agalactiae and E. coli in children.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Bacterial Infections / Communicable Disease Control Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J Journal subject: Communicable Diseases / Pediatrics Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Bacterial Infections / Communicable Disease Control Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Humans / Infant Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J Journal subject: Communicable Diseases / Pediatrics Year: 2022 Document Type: Article