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Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls.
Sandmann, Frank G; Tessier, Elise; Lacy, Joanne; Kall, Meaghan; Van Leeuwen, Edwin; Charlett, Andre; Eggo, Rosalind M; Dabrera, Gavin; Edmunds, W John; Ramsay, Mary; Campbell, Helen; Amirthalingam, Gayatri; Jit, Mark.
  • Sandmann FG; Statistics, Modelling and Economics Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
  • Tessier E; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Lacy J; Immunisation Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
  • Kall M; COVID-19 National Epidemiology Cell, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
  • Van Leeuwen E; Immunisation Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
  • Charlett A; COVID-19 National Epidemiology Cell, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
  • Eggo RM; Statistics, Modelling and Economics Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
  • Dabrera G; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Edmunds WJ; Statistics, Modelling and Economics Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
  • Ramsay M; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Campbell H; COVID-19 National Epidemiology Cell, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
  • Amirthalingam G; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
  • Jit M; Immunisation Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom.
Clin Infect Dis ; 75(1): e962-e973, 2022 Aug 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1852990
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

We aimed to quantify the unknown losses in health-related quality of life of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases using quality-adjusted lifedays (QALDs) and the recommended EQ-5D instrument in England.

METHODS:

Prospective cohort study of nonhospitalized, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-positive (SARS-CoV-2-positive) cases aged 12-85 years and followed up for 6 months from 1 December 2020, with cross-sectional comparison to SARS-CoV-2-negative controls. Main outcomes were QALD losses; physical symptoms; and COVID-19-related private expenditures. We analyzed results using multivariable regressions with post hoc weighting by age and sex, and conditional logistic regressions for the association of each symptom and EQ-5D limitation on cases and controls.

RESULTS:

Of 548 cases (mean age 41.1 years; 61.5% female), 16.8% reported physical symptoms at month 6 (most frequently extreme tiredness, headache, loss of taste and/or smell, and shortness of breath). Cases reported more limitations with doing usual activities than controls. Almost half of cases spent a mean of £18.1 on nonprescription drugs (median £10.0), and 52.7% missed work or school for a mean of 12 days (median 10). On average, all cases lost 13.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.7, 17.7) QALDs, whereas those reporting symptoms at month 6 lost 32.9 (95% CI 24.5, 37.6) QALDs. Losses also increased with older age. Cumulatively, the health loss from morbidity contributes at least 18% of the total COVID-19-related disease burden in the England.

CONCLUSIONS:

One in 6 cases report ongoing symptoms at 6 months, and 10% report prolonged loss of function compared to pre-COVID-19 baselines. A marked health burden was observed among older COVID-19 cases and those with persistent physical symptoms.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Clin Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Clin Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Cid