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First-dose mRNA vaccination is sufficient to reactivate immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 in subjects who have recovered from COVID-19.
Mazzoni, Alessio; Di Lauria, Nicoletta; Maggi, Laura; Salvati, Lorenzo; Vanni, Anna; Capone, Manuela; Lamacchia, Giulia; Mantengoli, Elisabetta; Spinicci, Michele; Zammarchi, Lorenzo; Kiros, Seble Tekle; Rocca, Arianna; Lagi, Filippo; Colao, Maria Grazia; Parronchi, Paola; Scaletti, Cristina; Turco, Lucia; Liotta, Francesco; Rossolini, Gian Maria; Cosmi, Lorenzo; Bartoloni, Alessandro; Annunziato, Francesco.
  • Mazzoni A; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Di Lauria N; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit.
  • Maggi L; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Salvati L; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Vanni A; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Capone M; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Lamacchia G; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Mantengoli E; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit.
  • Spinicci M; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Zammarchi L; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit.
  • Kiros ST; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Rocca A; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit.
  • Lagi F; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Colao MG; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit.
  • Parronchi P; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Scaletti C; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Turco L; Microbiology and Virology Unit.
  • Liotta F; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Rossolini GM; Immunology and Cell Therapy Unit.
  • Cosmi L; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
  • Bartoloni A; Health Director, and.
  • Annunziato F; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
J Clin Invest ; 131(12)2021 06 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1731387
ABSTRACT
The characterization of the adaptive immune response to COVID-19 vaccination in individuals who recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection may define current and future clinical practice. To determine the effect of the 2-dose BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination schedule in individuals who recovered from COVID-19 (COVID-19-recovered subjects) compared with naive subjects, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific T and B cell responses, as well as specific IgA, IgG, IgM, and neutralizing antibodies titers in 22 individuals who received the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, 11 of whom had a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Evaluations were performed before vaccination and then weekly until 7 days after second injection. Data obtained clearly showed that one vaccine dose is sufficient to increase both cellular and humoral immune response in COVID-19-recovered subjects without any additional improvement after the second dose. On the contrary, the second dose proved mandatory in naive subjects to further enhance the immune response. These findings were further confirmed at the serological level in a larger cohort of naive (n = 68) and COVID-19-recovered (n = 29) subjects, tested up to 50 days after vaccination. These results question whether a second vaccine injection in COVID-19-recovered subjects is required, and indicate that millions of vaccine doses may be redirected to naive individuals, thus shortening the time to reach herd immunity.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antibodies, Neutralizing / Immunity, Humoral / COVID-19 Vaccines / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Immunologic Memory / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jci149150

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antibodies, Neutralizing / Immunity, Humoral / COVID-19 Vaccines / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 / Immunologic Memory / Antibodies, Viral Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adult / Aged / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Language: English Year: 2021 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Jci149150