Oxidative Stress-Related Mechanisms in SARS-CoV-2 Infections.
Oxid Med Cell Longev
; 2022: 5589089, 2022.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1736165
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic caused relatively high mortality in patients, especially in those with concomitant diseases (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)). In most of aforementioned comorbidities, the oxidative stress appears to be an important player in their pathogenesis. The direct cause of death in critically ill patients with COVID-19 is still far from being elucidated. Although some preliminary data suggests that the lung vasculature injury and the loss of the functioning part of pulmonary alveolar population are crucial, the precise mechanism is still unclear. On the other hand, at least two classes of medications used with some clinical benefits in COVID-19 treatment seem to have a major influence on ROS (reactive oxygen species) and RNS (reactive nitrogen species) production. However, oxidative stress is one of the important mechanisms in the antiviral immune response and innate immunity. Therefore, it would be of interest to summarize the data regarding the oxidative stress in severe COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the role of oxidative and antioxidant mechanisms in severe COVID-19 based on available studies. We also present the role of ROS and RNS in other viral infections in humans and in animal models. Although reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play an important role in the innate antiviral immune response, in some situations, they might have a deleterious effect, e.g., in some coronaviral infections. The understanding of the redox mechanisms in severe COVID-19 disease may have an impact on its treatment.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Oxidative Stress
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Oxid Med Cell Longev
Journal subject:
Metabolism
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
2022
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