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Continued Virus-Specific Antibody-Secreting Cell Production, Avidity Maturation and B Cell Evolution in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.
Bartlett, Maggie L; Suwanmanee, San; Peart Akindele, Nadine; Ghimire, Shristi; Chan, Andy K P; Guo, Chenxu; Gould, Stephen J; Cox, Andrea L; Griffin, Diane E.
  • Bartlett ML; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Suwanmanee S; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Peart Akindele N; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Ghimire S; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Chan AKP; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Guo C; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Gould SJ; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Cox AL; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
  • Griffin DE; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Viral Immunol ; 35(3): 259-272, 2022 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1740747
ABSTRACT
Understanding the development and sustainability of the virus-specific protective immune response to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains incomplete with respect to the appearance and disappearance of virus-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in circulation. Therefore, we performed cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma collected from 55 hospitalized patients up to 4 months after onset of COVID-19 symptoms. Spike (S)- and nucleocapsid (N)-specific IgM and IgG ASCs appeared within 2 weeks accompanied by flow cytometry increases in double negative plasmablasts consistent with a rapid extrafollicular B cell response. Total and virus-specific IgM and IgG ASCs peaked at 3-4 weeks and were still being produced at 3-4 months accompanied by increasing antibody avidity consistent with a slower germinal center B cell response. N-specific ASCs were produced for longer than S-specific ASCs and avidity maturation was greater for antibody to N than S. Patients with more severe disease produced more S-specific IgM and IgG ASCs than those with mild disease and had higher levels of N- and S-specific antibody. Women had more B cells in circulation than men and produced more S-specific IgA and IgG and N-specific IgG ASCs. Flow cytometry analysis of B cell phenotypes showed an increase in circulating B cells at 4-6 weeks with decreased percentages of switched and unswitched memory B cells. These data indicate ongoing antigen-specific stimulation, maturation, and production of ASCs for several months after onset of symptoms in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Female / Humans Language: English Journal: Viral Immunol Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology / Virology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Vim.2021.0191

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid Limits: Female / Humans Language: English Journal: Viral Immunol Journal subject: Allergy and Immunology / Virology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Vim.2021.0191