Cardiovascular, pulmonary and neuromuscular involvement in covid-19 and its management

ABSTRACT

Regarding the most critical health threat in 21st century, caused by the coronavirus, identifying its controlling methods and treatments is the first priority of the medical society. Up-to-date methods are required for identifying and controlling coronavirus, due to its raising pervalence and mutations. In this presentation, we discuss cardiac, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal side effects of coronavirus. While COVID-19 may affect multiple organ systems, symptoms are most often located in the respiratory tract. Approximately 80% of symptomatic patients present with mild disease symptoms of fever, runny nose, sore throat or dry cough. Moderate to severe disease is characterized by pneumonia. Underlying CVD and/or development of acute cardiac injury are associated with significantly worse outcome in these patient, Information about other cardiovascular manifestations is very limited at patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have underlying cardiovascular (CV) disease or develop acute cardiac injury during the course of the illness. Adequate understanding of the interplay between COVID-19 and CV disease is required for optimum management of these patients. COVID-19 is primarily a respiratory illness but cardiovascular involvement can occur through several mechanism Acute cardiac injury is the most reported cardiovascular abnormality in COVID-19, with average incidence 8-12%. Recently research about musculoskeletal disorders in COVID-19 represent, COVID-19 that has an affinity for neural tissue. There are reports of encephalitis, encephalopathy, cranial neuropathy, Guillain-Barrè syndrome, and myositis/rhabdomyolysis in patients with COVID-19. Moreover, Rehabilitation methods, especially exercise therapy, are discussed as supporting treatments for COVID-19. Considering cardiac side effects, like Myocarditis, and other pulmonary side effects, especially pneumonia, as well as identifying musculoskeletal side effects of COVID-19, including Neuropathy, have great importance. Furthermore, secondary side effects, caused by this disease due to deconditioning;results in a decrease in cardiac, respirational, and mobility performance of the patients after an acute period;however, by using an exact, scientific rehabilitation program, the recovery process can become shorter, and the patients can return to their normal lives cycles in a quicker way.