The Dark Side of the COVID-19 Treatments on Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection.

ABSTRACT

Since the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the end of 2019, a number of medications have been used to treat the infection and the related Coronavirus disease - 19 (COVID-19). Some of the administered drugs were tested or used in practice only on the basis of biological plausibility; a promising strategy was to target the host immune response, with host directed therapies (HDTs), to reduce systemic hyperinflammation and hypercytokinemia responsible for additional tissue damage. We summarize the treatments against SARS-CoV-2 and underline their possible effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Both SARS-CoV-2 and Mtb respiratory infections impair the host's immune response. Furthermore, little research has been conducted on the impact of medicaments used to counteract COVID-19 disease in patients with Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI). A number of these drugs may modulate host immune response by modifying LTBI dynamic equilibrium, favoring either the host or the bacteria.