Sex-Related Differences in Mortality from COVID-19: Survival Analysis of Patients from an Urban Hospital
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
; 8(SUPPL 1):S323, 2021.
Article
in English
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1746554
ABSTRACT
Background. Mortality from COVID-19 is associated with male sex, older age, black race, and comorbidities including obesity. Our study identified risk factors for in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 using survival analysis at an urban center in Detroit, MI. Methods. This was a single-center historical cohort study. We reviewed the electronic medical records of patients positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (the COVID-19 virus) on qualitative polymerase-chain-reaction assay, who were admitted between 3/8-6/14/20. We assessed risk factors for mortality using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models. Results. We included 565 patients with mean age (standard deviation) 64.4 (16.2) years, 52.0% male (294) and 77.2% (436) black/African American. The overall mean body mass index (BMI) was 32.0 (9.02) kg/m2. At least one comorbidity was present in 95.2% (538) of patients. The overall case-fatality rate was 30.4% (172/565). The unadjusted mortality rate among males was 33.7% compared to 26.9% in females (p=0.08);the median time to death (range) for males was 16.8 (0.3, 33.9) compared to 14.2 (0.32, 47.7) days for females (p=0.04). Univariable survival analysis with Cox proportional hazards models revealed that age (p=< 0.0001), admission from a facility (p=0.002), public insurance (p< 0.0001), respiratory rate ≥ 22 bpm (p=0.02), lymphocytopenia (p=0.07) and serum albumin (p=0.007) were additional risk factors for mortality (Table 1). From multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling (Table 2), after controlling for age, Charlson score and qSofa, males were 40% more likely to die than females (p=0.03). Conclusion. After controlling for risk factors for mortality including age, comorbidity and sepsis-related organ failure assessment, males continued to have a higher hazard of death. These demographic and clinical factors may help healthcare providers identify risk factors from COVID-19.
serum albumin; African American; aged; all cause mortality; body mass; breathing rate; cohort analysis; comorbidity; conference abstract; controlled study; coronavirus disease 2019; demography; electronic medical record; female; health care personnel; human; in-hospital mortality; insurance; Kaplan Meier method; lymphocytopenia; major clinical study; male; mortality; mortality rate; nonhuman; risk factor; Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; survival analysis; urban hospital
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Language:
English
Journal:
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
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