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SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Host Response, Immunity, and Therapeutic Targets.
Shivshankar, Pooja; Karmouty-Quintana, Harry; Mills, Tingting; Doursout, Marie-Francoise; Wang, Yanyu; Czopik, Agnieszka K; Evans, Scott E; Eltzschig, Holger K; Yuan, Xiaoyi.
  • Shivshankar P; Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
  • Karmouty-Quintana H; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
  • Mills T; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
  • Doursout MF; Department of Internal Medicine, Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
  • Wang Y; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
  • Czopik AK; Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
  • Evans SE; Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
  • Eltzschig HK; Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
  • Yuan X; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Inflammation ; 45(4): 1430-1449, 2022 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1756833
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in a global pandemic with severe socioeconomic effects. Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and organ failure. Binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) on bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells triggers host inflammatory pathways that lead to pathophysiological changes. Proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferon (IFN) signaling in alveolar epithelial cells counter barrier disruption, modulate host innate immune response to induce chemotaxis, and initiate the resolution of inflammation. Here, we discuss experimental models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection, molecular pathways involved in SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation, and viral hijacking of anti-inflammatory pathways, such as delayed type-I IFN response. Mechanisms of alveolar adaptation to hypoxia, adenosinergic signaling, and regulatory microRNAs are discussed as potential therapeutic targets for COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Inflammation Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S10753-022-01656-7

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Inflammation Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S10753-022-01656-7