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Myocarditis After COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Case Studies
JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions ; 15(4):S30, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1757492
ABSTRACT

Background:

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with over 200 million cases and four million deaths worldwide. Anti-COVID-19 vaccinations have had exceptional success in subduing the incidence, prevalence, and disease severity of COVID-19, but rare cases of myocarditis have been reported after COVID-19 vaccinations.

Methods:

We performed a systematic literature search on PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Reviews database from inception to July 18, 2021. Studies were analyzed based on predetermined eligibility criteria.

Results:

A total of 19 studies containing 73 cases of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis were catalogued. Mean age was 25 years, and male to female ratio was 171. For 87.7% of patients, myocarditis occurred after the second dose. Average time to onset and length of hospitalization were 3.5 days and 5.2 days, respectively. Prognosis was benign with 100% recovery. Chest pain (100%);elevation of troponin (100%) and CRP (94.4%);and ST elevation on EKG (81.4%) were common. NSAIDs (73.5%) were the most used medication, followed by colchicine (50%).

Conclusions:

Patients with COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis are usually younger males presenting with chest pain 3.5 days after receiving their second dose. Work-up typically shows elevation of troponin and CRP with ST changes in EKG. Diagnosis is made after excluding all other etiologies. Given significant population benefit from COVID-19 vaccination, physicians should continue to encourage vaccination while remaining vigilant of the very rare occurrence of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination. [Formula presented]
Keywords

Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Type of study: Case report / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Type of study: Case report / Reviews / Systematic review/Meta Analysis Topics: Vaccines Language: English Journal: JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions Year: 2022 Document Type: Article