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Prevalence and predictors of food insecurity among people living with and without HIV in the African Cohort Study.
Onyenakie, Cecilia C; Nnakwe, Raphael U; Dear, Nicole; Esber, Allahna; Bahemana, Emmanuel; Kibuuka, Hannah; Maswai, Jonah; Owuoth, John; Crowell, Trevor A; Polyak, Christina S; Ake, Julie A; Iroezindu, Michael.
  • Onyenakie CC; HJF Medical Research International, Abuja, Nigeria.
  • Nnakwe RU; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Dear N; HJF Medical Research International, Abuja, Nigeria.
  • Esber A; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Bahemana E; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Kibuuka H; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA.
  • Maswai J; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Owuoth J; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA.
  • Crowell TA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
  • Polyak CS; HJF Medical Research International, Mbeya, Tanzania.
  • Ake JA; Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda.
  • Iroezindu M; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Public Health Nutr ; 25(4): 930-943, 2022 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1758081
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

We determined the prevalence and identified predictors of food insecurity in four African countries.

DESIGN:

Cross-sectional analyses at study enrolment.

SETTING:

From January 2013 to March 2020, people living with HIV (PLWH) and without HIV were enrolled at twelve clinics in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and Nigeria.

PARTICIPANTS:

Participants reporting not having enough food to eat over the past 12 months or receiving <3 meals/d were defined as food insecure. Robust Poisson regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95 % CI for predictors of food insecurity among all participants and separately among PLWH.

RESULTS:

1694/3496 participants (48·5 %) reported food insecurity at enrolment, with no difference by HIV status. Food insecurity was more common among older participants (50+ v. 18-24 years aPR 1·35, 95 % CI 1·15, 1·59). Having 2-5 (aPR 1·14, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·30) or >5 dependents (aPR 1·17, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·35), and residing in Kisumu West, Kenya (aPR 1·63, 95 % CI 1·42, 1·87) or Nigeria (aPR 1·20, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·41) was associated with food insecurity. Residing in Tanzania (aPR 0·65, 95 % CI 0·53, 0·80) and increasing education (secondary/above education v. none/some primary education aPR 0·73, 95 % CI 0·66, 0·81) was protective against food insecurity. Antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced PLWH were more likely to be food secure irrespective of viral load.

CONCLUSION:

Food insecurity was highly prevalent in our cohort though not significantly associated with HIV. Policies aimed at promoting education, elderly care, ART access in PLWH and financial independence could potentially improve food security in Africa.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: HIV Infections / Food Supply Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Aged / Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Public Health Nutr Journal subject: Nutritional Sciences / Public Health Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S136898002100361X

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: HIV Infections / Food Supply Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Aged / Humans Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: English Journal: Public Health Nutr Journal subject: Nutritional Sciences / Public Health Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S136898002100361X