COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Patients With Lymphoid Malignancy or Anti-CD20 Antibody Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk
; 22(8): e691-e707, 2022 08.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1763646
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The humoral response to vaccination in individuals with lymphoid malignancies or those undergoing anti-CD20 antibody therapy is impaired, but details of the response to mRNA vaccines to protect against COVID-19 remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to characterize the response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in patients with lymphoid malignancies or those undergoing anti-CD20 antibody therapy. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
A literature search retrieved 52 relevant articles, and random-effect models were used to analyze humoral and cellular responses.RESULTS:
Lymphoid malignancies and anti-CD20 antibody therapy for non-malignancies were significantly associated with lower seropositivity rates (risk ratio 0.60 [95% CI 0.53-0.69]; risk ratio 0.45 [95% CI 0.39-0.52], respectively). Some subtypes (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, treatment-naïve chronic lymphocytic leukemia, myeloma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) exhibited impaired humoral response. Anti-CD20 antibody therapy within 6 months of vaccination decreased humoral response; moreover, therapy > 12 months before vaccination still impaired the humoral response. However, anti-CD20 antibody therapy in non-malignant patients did not attenuate T cell responses.CONCLUSION:
These data suggest that patients with lymphoid malignancies or those undergoing anti-CD20 antibody therapy experience an impaired humoral response, but cellular response can be detected independent of anti-CD20 antibody therapy. Studies with long-term follow-up of vaccine effectiveness are warranted (PROSPERO registration number CRD42021265780).Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
/
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Cohort study
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
/
Reviews
/
Systematic review/Meta Analysis
Topics:
Vaccines
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk
Journal subject:
Neoplasms
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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