Biochemical alterations in COVID-19 patients: An observational hospital based study

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is a respiratory disease, which can develop into multi-organ dysfunction, leading to death. Due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, several biochemical alterations occurs in covid patients and have been associated with the severity of the disease. Objectives: To evaluate the biochemical alterations in covid-19 patients. Methodology: This study was carried out in 80 covid-19 patients who were admitted in covid tertiary care hospital after RT-PCR or RAT positive test for SARS-CoV-2. The moderate disease was defined as presence of dyspnoea with respiratory rate more than 24/min or maintain oxygen saturation between 90 and 94% on room air and the severe disease was defined as presence of dyspnoea with respiratory rate more than 30/min or oxygen saturation less than 90% on room air, presence of ARDS, severe sepsis or sepsis shock. Estimation of urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, SGPT, CRP, ferritin, CPK, LDH and D-dimer were carried out using automated analyser. p<0.05 was considered as significant level. Results: A significant higher levels of urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, SGPT, CRP, ferritin, CPK, LDH and D-dimer were found in severe COVID-19 patients as compared to moderate COVID-19 patients. A significant correlation was found between the levels of CRP and other biochemical parameters. Conclusions: Increased alteration of renal, liver, cardiac, inflammatory and coagulation parameters in COVID-19 patients due to SARS-CoV-2 infection indicate its multi-organ involvement and these alterations may helpful to predict the severity and development of disease in patients with COVID-19.