Evaluating prognostic role of cardiac biomarkers in COVID-19 patients

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in India with total deaths crossing 0.4 million. Cardiac biomarkers are found to be associated with poor outcome in COVID-19 patients having concomitant cardiac diseases. But the prognostic value of cardiac biomarkers in cardiac and non-cardiac patients following COVID-19 disease was not thoroughly investigated. This study was designed to investigate prognostic role of cardiac biomarkers in COVID-19 patients with cardiac disease. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, M.G.M. Medical college & M. Y. hospital, Indore. Four cardiac biomarkers, Trop-I, Myo, CK-MB, and BNP were considered for evaluation. Laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients were divided in two groups, with and without concomitant cardiac disease. The differences of cardiac biomarker levels between the groups were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. RESULTS: Out-off 632 admitted patients, 512 were found evaluable. of 512 eligible patients, 58 (11.3 %) had a history of cardiac disease. A total of 31 (6.0%) allcause death occurred during the follow-up, 8 (13.8%) deaths occurred in the cardiac disease group and 23 (5.0%) occurred in the non-cardiac group. For cardiac patients, the AUC of Trop-I, CK-MB, Myo, and BNP was found 0.660, 0.512, 0.753 and 0.712, respectively. Myo, had the highest prognostic value, followed by BNP. CONCLUSION: Increased levels of Myo and BNP have significant prognostic relevance. Our study can help to understand the prognosis of cardiac patients with COVID-19 disease. However, further study is needed.