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Potential effect of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells on hyperoxia-induced pulmonary alveolar injury.
Solaiman, Amany; Mehanna, Radwa A; Meheissen, Ghada A; Elatrebi, Soha; Said, Rasha; Elsokkary, Nahed H.
  • Solaiman A; Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
  • Mehanna RA; Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
  • Meheissen GA; Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Its Applications CERRMA, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
  • Elatrebi S; Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt. Ghada.mohisen@alexmed.edu.eg.
  • Said R; Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
  • Elsokkary NH; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdelmeguid St., Al. Mowassat Campus, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
Stem Cell Res Ther ; 13(1): 145, 2022 04 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1775335
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

With the widespread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, in spite of the newly emerging vaccines, mutated strains remain a great obstacle to supportive and preventive measures. Coronavirus 19 survivors continue to face great danger of contacting the disease again. As long as no specific treatment has yet to be approved, a great percentage of patients experience real complications, including among others, lung fibrosis. High oxygen inhalation especially for prolonged periods is per se destructive to the lungs. Nevertheless, oxygen remains the first line support for such patients. In the present study we aimed at investigating the role of amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells in preventing versus treating the hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis in rats.

METHODS:

The study was conducted on adult albino rats; 5 pregnant female rats were used as amniotic fluid donors, and 64 male rats were randomly divided into two groups Control group; where 10 rats were kept in normal atmospheric air then sacrificed after 2 months, and hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis group, where 54 rats were exposed to hyperoxia (100% oxygen for 6 h/day) in air-tight glass chambers for 1 month, then randomly divided into the following 5 subgroups Hyperoxia group, cell-free media-treated group, stem cells-prophylactic group, stem cells-treated group and untreated group. Isolation, culture and proliferation of stem cells were done till passage 3. Pulmonary function tests, histological examination of lung tissue under light and electron microscopes, biochemical assessment of oxidative stress, IL-6 and Rho-A levels, and statistical analysis of data were performed. F-test (ANOVA) was used for normally distributed quantitative variables, to compare between more than two groups, and Post Hoc test (Tukey) for pairwise comparisons.

RESULTS:

Labelled amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells homed to lung tissue. Stem cells administration in the stem cells-prophylactic group succeeded to maintain pulmonary functions near the normal values with no significant difference between their values and those of the control group. Moreover, histological examination of lung tissues showed that stem cells-prophylactic group were completely protected while stem cells-treated group still showed various degrees of tissue injury, namely; thickened interalveolar septa, atelectasis and interstitial pneumonia. Biochemical studies after stem cells injection also showed decreased levels of RhoA and IL-6 in the prophylactic group and to a lesser extent in the treated group, in addition to increased total antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde in the stem cells-injected groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

Amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells showed promising protective and therapeutic results against hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis as evaluated physiologically, histologically and biochemically.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Hyperoxia / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid / Vaccines Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male / Pregnancy Language: English Journal: Stem Cell Res Ther Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S13287-022-02821-3

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Hyperoxia / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Long Covid / Vaccines Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male / Pregnancy Language: English Journal: Stem Cell Res Ther Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S13287-022-02821-3