Psychological distress and well-being assessment among Indian people during COVID-19 pandemic.

ABSTRACT

Background: A rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic restricted millions of people in their homes and affected them with anxiety, stress, and psychological distress. This online study was conducted to assess the psychological distress among the Indian population. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, data collected via an online self-reported questionnaire using a snowball sampling technique. COVID-19 psychological stress was measured through the COVID-19 peritraumatic distress index (CPDI). This questionnaire was open-access and adapted from the Shanghai Mental Health Centre. Data were extracted to Microsoft Excel and analyzed in SPSS 23 version. Ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio for predicting variables. Results: A total of 625 responses were received. The mean age of the respondents was 26.41 years (standard deviation [SD] = 9.35; range = 17-79 years) with 320 (51.2%) males and the majority (68.8%) of the respondents were students. Youth with age group between 21 and 25 years were observed to be having peritraumatic distress 2.42 times more than the other groups (P = 0.001). Females were found to be more nervous and anxious (χ2 = 5.12; P = 0.02), more sluggish reaction due to anxiety (χ2 = 9.46; P = 0.002) as compared to males. Unmarried respondents were observed to be more sluggish due to anxiety (χ2 = 7.2; P = 0.007), felt more tired and exhausted (χ2 = 6.12; P = 0.013) in comparison to married. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic crisis significantly affected a major segment of society. The psychological distress level was observed to be high among youth, females, and a group of people in quarantine or isolation.