Nanopartiküler Aşılar

ABSTRACT

Nanotechnology is the applied science of making and manipulating matter on a small scale in the range of 1-100 nm. The application of nanotechnology, particularly in vaccine science, has developed rapidly in recent years, leading to the birth of "nanovasinology". Nanotechnology is playing an increasingly important role in vaccine development, thanks to nanocarrier-based delivery systems that offer the possibility of enhancing cellular and humoral immune responses. Nanoparticle-based vaccine applications can protect vaccines from premature spoilage, increase stability, and have good adjuvant properties. NPs, with their biodegradable, minimally toxic properties, provide effective and alternative platforms to traditional vaccine methods that can be used to deliver various antigens to specific tissues and organs. Virus-like particles, liposomes, ISCOMs, polymeric inorganic nanoparticles, and emulsions;out-of-scale materials are attracting attention as potential delivery vehicles that can both stabilize vaccine antigens and act as adjuvants. The composition of the nanoparticle material plays an important role in the transport and pharmacokinetic properties of the nanoparticles, the rate of release and cellular uptake, biodegradability and biocompatibility. It is thought that nanoparticular vaccines may guide the development of vaccines for many diseases in the future, including rapidly emerging pandemics such as COVID -19 and cancers that cannot be controlled by vaccination. This review;It provides information on the physical properties of nanoparticles and nanoparticle vaccine types and reviews studies using nanoparticle-based vaccine technologies.