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N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro.
Lackner, Michaela; Rössler, Annika; Volland, André; Stadtmüller, Marlena Nastassja; Müllauer, Brigitte; Banki, Zoltan; Ströhle, Johannes; Luttick, Angela; Fenner, Jennifer; Sarg, Bettina; Kremser, Leopold; Tone, Paul; Stoiber, Heribert; von Laer, Dorothee; Wolff, Thorsten; Schwarz, Carsten; Nagl, Markus.
  • Lackner M; Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Rössler A; Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Volland A; Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Stadtmüller MN; Unit 17-Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany.
  • Müllauer B; Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Banki Z; Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Ströhle J; Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Luttick A; 360biolabs Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia.
  • Fenner J; 360biolabs Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia.
  • Sarg B; Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Kremser L; Innovative Biomedical Concepts, Inc., Staten Island, NY, USA.
  • Tone P; Innovative Biomedical Concepts, Inc., Staten Island, NY, USA.
  • Stoiber H; Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • von Laer D; Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
  • Wolff T; Unit 17-Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany.
  • Schwarz C; CF Center Westbrandenburg, Division Cystic Fibrosis, Pediatric Clinic Westbrandenburg, Potsdam, Germany.
  • Nagl M; Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Emerg Microbes Infect ; 11(1): 1293-1307, 2022 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1788441
ABSTRACT
N-chlorotaurine (NCT) a long-lived oxidant generated by leukocytes, can be synthesized chemically and applied topically as an anti-infective to different body sites, including the lung via inhalation. Here, we demonstrate the activity of NCT against viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Virucidal activity of NCT was tested in plaque assays, confirmed by RT-qPCR assays. Attack on virus proteins was investigated by mass spectrometry. NCT revealed broad virucidal activity against all viruses tested at 37°C and pH 7. A significant reduction in infectious particles of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from early 2020 by 1 log10 was detected after 15 min of incubation in 1% NCT. Proteinaceous material simulating body fluids enhanced this activity by transchlorination mechanisms (1 -2 log10 reduction within 1-10 min). Tested SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (Alpha) und B.1.351 (Beta) showed a similar susceptibility. Influenza virus infectious particles were reduced by 3 log10 (H3N2) to 5 log10 (H1N1pdm), RSV by 4 log10 within a few min. Mass spectrometry of NCT-treated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and 3C-like protease, influenza virus haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and RSV fusion glycoprotein disclosed multiple sites of chlorination and oxidation as the molecular mechanism of action. Application of 1.0% NCT as a prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against acute viral respiratory tract infections deserves comprehensive clinical investigation.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Respiratory Tract Infections / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Emerg Microbes Infect Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 22221751.2022.2065932

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Respiratory Tract Infections / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Prognostic study Topics: Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Emerg Microbes Infect Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 22221751.2022.2065932