[Acute poisoning among patients attended to in an emergency department: From the pre-pandemic period to the new normality]. / Intoxicaciones agudas atendidas en un servicio de urgencias. De la prepandemia a la nueva normalidad.

ABSTRACT

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused global changes that affect the daily life of the world's population, with a direct impact on individuals' physical and mental health as well as on their social and recreational habits. Methods: This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients attended to for acute poisoning in a hospital emergency department (ED) at three different periods of time pre-pandemic (2019), after strict lockdown of the population in Spain (2020), and post-pandemic (2021). We analyzed 2 months (June and July) in each period. Results: A total of 1,182 cases of acute poisoning were included. Compared to the pre-pandemic period, during lockdown, the number of patients with acute poisoning decreased (2019 1.9% vs. 2020 1.5%; p<.01); the ratio of men to women increased (2.0 vs. 1.4; p=.02); and the mean age of patients increased (2019 31.4 vs. 2020 41.3; p<.001), a trend which continued in 2021 (38.3). Poisoning with suicidal intention also increased during the pandemic (2019 8.71% vs. 2020 21.0%; p<.01) whereas poisonings with a recreational intention declined (2019 76.1% vs. 2020 62.0%; p<.01) with a non-significant increase in 2021 (69.0%, p=.07). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic generated clinical and epidemiological changes in the acute poisonings attended to in a hospital emergency department during the various phases of the pandemic.