Applying Advanced Wireless Network Cluster-Tree Topology to Optimize Covid-19 Sanitary Passport Blockchain-Based Security in a Constrained IoT Platform

ABSTRACT

Our work revolves around creating and developing a medical platform that acts on the citizen’s right to access a public space by differentiating between vaccinated and those who have done the PCR test to avoid the fast spread of the covid-19 virus. In this scope, three algorithms were applied to complete this platform the first one serves to verify the citizens who are vaccinated, the second allows to see and check the validity of the PCR test for people who are not vaccinated, and, finally, the third algorithm serves to check the temperature and the identity of citizens. This last algorithm is applied when the citizen is not vaccinated or does not have the PCR test. For this project, we used four IoT nodes to run our platform in real time a Passive infrared (PIR) client node, a temperature sensor, a RFID tag, and a camera client node. We also used artificial intelligence for facial recognition, which will allow us to verify the citizen’s identity. We applied the Constrained Application Protocol to ensure a fluid communication between the platform’s nodes, the integrity, and the confidentiality of the data shared. We secured payloads with two encryption algorithms which are Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)-Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) 256-bit and Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA)-SHA256. The security of the database’s information is also an important aspect;thus, the use of the AT2 blockchain will allow us to strengthen the security of the database against any network attack. As for the network topology, we have opted for the cluster-tree topology, and that is after a study that showed us it is the best in terms of execution time, memory occupation, and energy consumption and even for the reliability of the communication. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.