Acute and sub-acute ocular manifestations in pediatric patients with COVID-19: A systematic review
Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology
; 11(1):11-18, 2022.
Article
in English
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1798537
ABSTRACT
Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been the most challenging health problem in the last 2 years. Post-COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome of children (MIS-C) is a severe post-COVID-19 complication in pediatric patients. Ocular manifestations may be the first presentation of MIS-C, wherein prompt treatment may improve outcomes. In this systematic review, we aimed to summarize the acute and sub-acute ocular manifestations in pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19.Methods:
We included all online primary studies, with no language restriction and published between January 1, 2019 and November 18, 2020, reporting any acute or sub-acute ocular manifestations in children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. PubMed/MEDLINE was searched using the following MeSH and Emtree terms “eye,” “ophthalmologic,” “ocular,” “vision,” “conjunctivitis,” “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “corona,” “2019-nCoV,” “COVID19,” and “COVID.” The eligibility and quality of the selected records were assessed by two independent reviewers as per the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review.Results:
A total of 1,192 records were identified electronically. Seven papers were extracted from the reference lists of the eligible records. Thirty-six papers met the inclusion criteria and were categorized into two subgroups according to acute or sub-acute presentation of ocular manifestations. Among 463 pediatric patients with COVID-19, 72 (15.5%) had acute ocular manifestations. There was one patient with central retinal vein occlusion and another with photophobia and diplopia associated with meningoencephalitis. Among 895 pediatric patients with post-COVID-19 MIS-C, 469 (52.4%) had ocular manifestations, which only included non-purulent conjunctivitis.Conclusions:
Ocular manifestations have been reported in less than one-fifth of pediatric patients with acute COVID-19. Furthermore, conjunctivitis was the only ocular manifestation reported in half of the patients with MIS-C, and it may be missed easily due to its non-purulent nature. During the COVID-19 pandemic, pediatricians and health workers must remain vigilant for early detection of signs of this potentially fatal post-COVID-19 inflammatory syndrome.
article; central retina vein occlusion; child; conjunctivitis; coronavirus disease 2019; diplopia; eligibility; Emtree; eye disease; female; health care personnel; human; inflammation; language; male; Medline; meningoencephalitis; nonhuman; pandemic; pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome; pediatric patient; pediatrician; photophobia; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; systematic review; systemic inflammatory response syndrome; vision
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Type of study:
Reviews
/
Systematic review/Meta Analysis
Language:
English
Journal:
Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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