Factors Associated With Experiences of Fear, Anxiety, Depression, and Changes in Sleep Pattern During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Adults in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Front Public Health
; 10: 779498, 2022.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1798917
ABSTRACT
Background:
Multiple facets of the pandemic can be a source of fear, depression, anxiety and can cause changes in sleep patterns. The aim of this study was to identify health profiles and the COVID-19 pandemic related factors associated with fear, depression, anxiety and changes in sleep pattern in adults in Nigeria.Methods:
The data for this analysis was extracted from a cross-sectional online survey that collected information about mental health and well-ness from a convenience sample of adults 18 years and above resident in Nigeria from July to December 2020. Study participants were asked to complete an anonymous, closed-ended online questionnaire that solicited information on sociodemographic profile, health profiles (high, moderate and low COVID-19 infection risk profile) including HIV status, COVID-19 status, and self-reported experiences of fear, anxiety, depression and changes in sleep patterns.Results:
In total, 4,439 participants with mean age of 38.3 (±11.6) years responded to the survey. Factors associated with higher odds of having COVID-19 related fear were health risk (p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR 3.88; 95% CI 3.22-4.69); having COVID-19 symptoms but not tested (AOR 1.61; 95% CI 1.30-1.99); having a friend who tested positive to COVID-19 (AOR 1.28; 95% CI 1.07-1.53) and knowing someone who died from COVID-19 (AOR 1.43; 95% CI 1.24-1.65). The odds of feeling anxious was significantly higher for those with moderate or low health risk profile (p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR 1.64; 95% CI 1.32-2.04); had a friend who tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR 1.35; 95% CI 1.08-1.68) or knew someone who died from COVID-19 (AOR 1.53; 95% CI 1.28-1.84). The odds of feeling depressed was significantly higher for those with health risk profile (p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR 2.49; 95% CI 1.89-3.28); and respondents who had COVID-19 symptoms but had not taken a test (AOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.02-1.94). Factors associated with higher odds of having sleep pattern changes were having moderate and low health risk profiles (p < 0.05).Conclusion:
The study findings suggest that the pandemic may cause fear, anxiety, depression and changes in sleep patterns differently for people with different health profile, HIV status and COVID-19 status.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
HIV Infections
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Qualitative research
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Adult
/
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
English
Journal:
Front Public Health
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Fpubh.2022.779498
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