Implications of the Immune Landscape in COPD and Lung Cancer: Smoking Versus Other Causes.
Front Immunol
; 13: 846605, 2022.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1798935
ABSTRACT
Cigarette smoking is reported in about one third of adults worldwide. A strong relationship between cigarette smoke exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as lung cancer has been proven. However, about 15% of lung cancer cases, and between one fourth and one third of COPD cases, occur in never-smokers. The effects of cigarette smoke on the innate as well as the adaptive immune system have been widely investigated. It is assumed that certain immunologic features contribute to lung cancer and COPD development in the absence of smoking as the major risk factor. In this article, we review different immunological aspects of lung cancer and COPD with a special focus on non-smoking related risk factors.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
/
Cigarette Smoking
/
Lung Neoplasms
Type of study:
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Adult
/
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Front Immunol
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Fimmu.2022.846605
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