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Profile of overweight and obese patients attending the medical nutrition clinic at - Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura. Sri-Lanka
Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition ; 46(SUPPL 1):S139-S140, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1813564
ABSTRACT

Background:

Obesity is a chronic inflammatory condition that increases the risk of multiple non-communicable diseases. Thus, impairing the quality of life. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among Sri-Lankan adults were 25.5 and 9.2 in 2010 with a rising trend adding a huge burden on the health sector. Overweight and obesity is rising even among the rural farming communities in Sri-Lanka, reflecting the double burden of malnutrition. The escalating trend can be attributed to easy accessibility leading to increased consumption of energy-dense food and increased sedentary behaviour which has replaced the traditional farming methods. The burden was further increased due to multiple effects of COVID 19 lockdown. Medical nutrition therapy with the 'plate model' is an effective method of weight reduction by portion size control of staple food and by increasing non-starchy vegetables and protein intake. The objective of the study was to assess the outcomes of the 'plate model' as a dietary intervention among patients with overweight and obesity.

Methods:

A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using secondary data of 281 overweight and obese patients who attended the medical nutrition clinic from January - June 2021. Inclusion criteria captured all patients above 19 years of age who attended the clinic at least once. All patients were counselled regarding the plate model by medical officers who have post-graduate qualifications in clinical nutrition. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.

Results:

Out of the total observed patients, 77% were females and 23% were males. The median age was 45 years with 31.7% between 40 - 49 years and 7.8% above the age of 60 years. Distribution within each BMI category was similar among both genders, with 45% of both females and males belonging to obesity class 1. More than 80% of patients' occupation was related to agriculture. Defaulted follow up was 69% while 31% had subsequent clinic visits. Among the followed-up patients (n=88) the majority (46.8%) have lost less than 0.5kg per week, while 37.5 % lost more than 0.5kg per week. Among the patients who lost weight less than 0.5kg per week (n= 42), 52% belonged to overweight category and 50% to morbidly obese category. It was also revealed that 53% of patients who lost weight more than 0.5kg per week were in the obesity class 1 category.

Conclusion:

The study suggests the 'plate model' along with regular and close monitoring is an effective method of weight reduction. Results also indicate the need for increasing awareness on the importance of clinic follow up. Further research is needed to evaluate the reasons for a higher number of defaulters.
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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Language: English Journal: Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Language: English Journal: Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Year: 2022 Document Type: Article