COVID-19 Associated Encephalopathies and Cerebrovascular Disease: The New Orleans Experience
Clinical Neurosurgery
; 67(SUPPL 1):129, 2020.
Article
in English
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1816189
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has had a dramatic impact on healthcare systems and a variable disease course. Emerging evidence demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 is associated with central nervous system (CNS) disease. In this series, we describe CNS manifestations in critical COVID-19 patients at our tertiary academic center.METHODS:
A single center retrospective cross-sectional analysis of all patients admitted to our tertiary care academic center inNewOrleans, Louisiana on April 22, 2020, who were in critical condition due to COVID-19 and developed new onset of neurological disease. Patients were grouped into one of three categories according to imaging and clinical features encephalopathy, acute necrotizing encephalopathy, and vasculopathy.RESULTS:
A total of 27 of 76 (35.5%) critical COVID-19 patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 59.8 years (range 35-91 years) and most had an underlying medical condition, including hypertension (63%), diabetes mellitus type 2 (52%), obesity (26%), and/or chronic kidney disease (22%). Sixty three percent had evidence of neurological injury on CT, 30% on MRI, 15% on non-invasive vascular imaging, and 44% on EEG. CT findings most often included subacute ischemic strokes, diffuse hypoattenuation, subcortical parenchymal hemorrhages, and focal hypodensities within deep structures. MRI findings included diffuse involvement of deep white matter, the corpus callosum, and the basal ganglia. For patients with acute ischemic stroke, vascular findings consisted of irregular proximal focal stenosis of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery. Twenty patients (74%) were designated with COVID-19 associated encephalopathy, two (7%) with COVID-19 associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy, and five (19%) with COVID-19 associated vasculopathy.CONCLUSION:
A one-day snapshot of COVID-19 admissions at a tertiary academic center in New Orleans, LA revealed a high percentage of patients with new neurological disease. Although clinical presentations varied, they were broadly categorized. A better understanding of the neurological sequalae and radiographic findings will help clinicians mitigate the impact of this disease.
acute necrotizing encephalopathy; adult; aged; basal ganglion; bleeding; brain disease; central nervous system; cerebrovascular disease; chronic kidney failure; clinical article; clinical feature; conference abstract; controlled study; coronavirus disease 2019; corpus callosum; cross-sectional study; electroencephalogram; female; human; hypertension; internal carotid artery; Louisiana; male; middle aged; nervous system injury; neurologic disease; non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; obesity; retrospective study; stenosis; subacute ischemic stroke; tertiary health care; vascular disease; white matter
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Language:
English
Journal:
Clinical Neurosurgery
Year:
2020
Document Type:
Article
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