Caracterización clínica, según niveles de glucemia, de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19: serie de casos

ABSTRACT

Hyperglycemia, with or without diabetes, is associated with complications in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. There is no informa- tion regarding this problem in our region. This study was aimed to compare the characteristics and in-hospital clinical course of patients with a probable diagnosis of COVID-19, with and without hyperglycemia during the hospital- ization. This is a retrospective, observational study of clinical records review of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The ISARIC-WHO form was used for data collection. Hyperglycemia was defined as a fasting value 140 mg/dL ac- cording to standard glycaemia targets in hospitalized patients. A total of 148 patients were included, 97 (65.5%) men and 51 (34.5%) women, with a mean age of 64.1..16.1 years;of which 42/148 (28.4%) patients reported previous diabetes, 60/148 (40.5%) patients had hyperglycemia during the hospitaliza- tion and 32/60 (53.3%) of these cases did not report previous diabetes. The patients with hyperglycemia were older, received more frequently systemic cor- ticosteroids (96.6 vs 82.6%;p=0.01), and antibiotics (68.3 vs 44.3%;p=0.01), had worse baseline oxygenation parameters (SpO 2 88.1..11.7%;vs 92.8..5.5%;p=0.02, PaO 2 /FiO 2, 194.4..119.7 vs 270.9..118.3;p<0.001), higher total lung severity score in the chest CT (14.9..5.7 vs 11.1..6.3;p<0.001) and higher lev- els of baseline inflammatory markers (CRP 6.73..3.61 vs 5.08..4.21;p<0.01, LDH 342.9..118.4 vs 296.5..161.4;p=0.01 and Ferritin 687.7..373.2 vs 542.6..395.3;p=0.01). Mortality (34.5 vs 10.7%;p<0.001) and admission to ICU (43.3 vs 7.9%;p<0.001) were higher in patients with hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is a marker of seve- re disease and poor prognosis.